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Attraction of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) haplotypes in North America and Europe to baited traps - PubMed

  • ️Sun Jan 01 2017

Attraction of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) haplotypes in North America and Europe to baited traps

William R Morrison 3rd et al. Sci Rep. 2017.

Abstract

Halyomorpha halys is a global invasive species, native to Southeast Asia, that is threatening agriculture in invaded regions. Our objectives were to: 1) establish the attractiveness of semiochemical stimuli paired with field-deployed traps in Europe (Greece, Hungary, Italy, and Switzerland), compared with Maryland, USA, and 2) identify H. halys haplotypes recovered from traps at each location. We found qualitatively identical patterns of capture between sites located across Europe and in Maryland, USA. In both regions, captures of H. halys adults indicated a synergistic response to traps baited with the two component H. halys aggregation pheromone, and pheromone synergist, methyl (2E, 4E, 6Z)-decatrienoate when compared with either individually. Haplotype diversity in Europe based on trapped specimens was much greater than the USA, with five new haplotypes described here, probably indicating ongoing invasion and re-introduction of H. halys. By contrast, a single, previously identified haplotype was trapped in Maryland, USA, representing a single introduction. All H. halys haplotypes responded to each semiochemical in apparent proportion to their frequency in the overall population based on independently derived information from prior work. Taken together, these data suggest that pheromone-based technology will be of global utility for the monitoring of this important invasive species.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1

Mean captures of H. halys adults (black bars) and nymphs (grey bars) to semiochemical stimuli paired with clear sticky traps by sampled country (Greece, Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, and USA) from 8 Aug to 6 Oct 2016. Upper case letters represent pairwise comparisons among treatments within adults, while lower case letters represent pairwise comparisons within nymphs. Bars with shared letters are not significantly different from each other (Tukey’s HSD, α = 0.05). Abbreviations: PHER = H. halys aggregation pheromone, MDT = methyl (2E,4E,6Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, CTRL = unbaited control.

Figure 2
Figure 2

Weekly population dynamics of adult H. halys, depending on semiochemical treatment, from 8 Aug to 6 Oct 2016 in each country (Greece, Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, and USA). Abbreviations: PHER = H. halys aggregation pheromone, MDT = methyl (2E,4E,6Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, CTRL = unbaited control.

Figure 3
Figure 3

Mean captures of males (black bars) and females (grey bars) by semiochemical stimuli paired with clear sticky traps in each country (Greece, Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, and USA) from 8 Aug to 6 Oct 2016. Upper case letters represent pairwise comparisons among treatments within females, while lower case letters represent pairwise comparisons within males. Bars with shared letters are not significantly different from each other (Tukey’s HSD, α = 0.05). Post-hoc comparisons between male and female response to each treatment are represented by bars, with ns indicating no significant differences (Bonferroni-corrected t-test). Abbreviations: PHER = H. halys aggregation pheromone, MDT = methyl (2E,4E,6Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, and CTRL = unbaited control.

Figure 4
Figure 4

Weekly population dynamics of H. halys nymphs, depending on semiochemical treatment, from 8 Aug to 6 Oct 2016 in each country (Greece, Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, and USA). Abbreviations: PHER = H. halys aggregation pheromone, MDT = methyl (2E,4E,6Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, and CTRL = unbaited control.

Figure 5
Figure 5

Summary of haplotype frequency of adults responding to pheromone-baited traps, and broken down by countries and regions within countries (where applicable). Sample size of analyzed adults is given above each bar, and definitions for abbreviations are as follows: MDT = methyl (2E,4E,6Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, PHER = H. halys aggregation pheromone. The notation for the haplotypes is in accordance with previously published literature. If a treatment bar has been omitted (e.g. the unbaited control), no or very few adults  were found in that treatment.

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