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Advances in regenerative therapy: A review of the literature and future directions - PubMed

  • ️Wed Jan 01 2020

Review

Advances in regenerative therapy: A review of the literature and future directions

Edward H Ntege et al. Regen Ther. 2020.

Abstract

There is enormous global anticipation for stem cell-based therapies that are safe and effective. Numerous pre-clinical studies present encouraging results on the therapeutic potential of different cell types including tissue derived stem cells. Emerging evidences in different fields of research suggest several cell types are safe, whereas their therapeutic application and effectiveness remain challenged. Multiple factors that influence treatment outcomes are proposed including immunocompatibility and potency, owing to variations in tissue origin, ex-vivo methodologies for preparation and handling of the cells. This communication gives an overview of literature data on the different types of cells that are potentially promising for regenerative therapy. As a case in point, the recent trends in research and development of the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for cell therapy are considered in detail. MSCs can be isolated from a variety of tissues and organs in the human body including bone marrow, adipose, synovium, and perinatal tissues. However, MSC products from the different tissue sources exhibit unique or varied levels of regenerative abilities. The review finally focuses on adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ASCs), with the unique properties such as easier accessibility and abundance, excellent proliferation and differentiation capacities, low immunogenicity, immunomodulatory and many other trophic properties. The suitability and application of the ASCs, and strategies to improve the innate regenerative capacities of stem cells in general are highlighted among others.

Keywords: Adipose-derived stem cells; Ex vivo culture-expanded stem cells; Mesenchymal stem cells; Regenerative therapies; Scaffold free-cellsheet technology; Scaffold-based cellsheet technology; Tissue derived stem cells; Tissue engineering.

© 2020 The Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare for this work.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1

Pre- and Post-operative images of the first clinical trial subject. (a) Pre-operative image showing malar deformity following treatment of Maxillary cancer. (b) Two and half years of post-operative follow up image shows a near normal contour line of the patient's face.

Fig. 2
Fig. 2

Anti- CTnT antibody immunostaining for the detection of ASCs differentiated cardiomyocytes on a Non-woven scaffold.

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