pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Two Festuca Species- F. arundinacea and F. glaucescens-Differ in the Molecular Response to Drought, While Their Physiological Response Is Similar - PubMed

️Wed Jan 01 2020

Two Festuca Species- F. arundinacea and F. glaucescens-Differ in the Molecular Response to Drought, While Their Physiological Response Is Similar

Katarzyna Lechowicz et al. Int J Mol Sci. 2020.

Abstract

Impact of photosynthetic and antioxidant capacities on drought tolerance of two closely related forage grasses, Festuca arundinacea and Festuca glaucescens, was deciphered. Within each species, two genotypes distinct in drought tolerance were subjected to a short-term drought, followed by a subsequent re-watering. The studies were focused on: (i) analysis of plant physiological performance, including: water uptake, abscisic acid (ABA) content, membrane integrity, gas exchange, and relative water content in leaf tissue; (ii) analysis of plant photosynthetic capacity (chlorophyll fluorescence; gene expression, protein accumulation, and activity of selected enzymes of the Calvin cycle); and (iii) analysis of plant antioxidant capacity (reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation; gene expression, protein accumulation and activity of selected enzymes). Though, F. arundinacea and F. glaucescens revealed different strategies in water uptake, and partially also in ABA signaling, their physiological reactions to drought and further re-watering, were similar. On the other hand, performance of the Calvin cycle and antioxidant system differed between the analyzed species under drought and re-watering periods. A stable efficiency of the Calvin cycle in F. arundinacea was crucial to maintain a balanced network of ROS/redox signaling, and consequently drought tolerance. The antioxidant capacity influenced mostly tolerance to stress in F. glaucescens.

Keywords: Festuca arundinacea; Festuca glaucescens; antioxidant system; drought tolerance; forage grasses; photosynthesis.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

**Figure 1**
The water uptake (WU), relative water content (**RWC**), electrolyte leakage (EL), gas exchange parameters (CO₂ assimilation (A), stomatal conductance (**g_s**), transpiration (E), intracellular concentration of CO₂ (Ci)) and accumulation of abscisic acid (**ABA**) in two genotypes of *F. arundinacea* (Fa-high drought tolerant (HDT), Fa-low drought tolerant (LDT)) and *F. glaucescens* (Fg-high drought tolerant (HDT), Fg-low drought tolerant (LDT)) during all water deficit or at different time-points: before stress treatment (C), on the 3rd (D1), 6th (D2), and 11th (D3) day of water deficit and 10 days after re-hydration initiation (RH). Error bars represent the standard errors (SE). Homogeneity groups are denoted by the same letters, according to Fischer LSD test (p = 0.01). Asterisks indicate differences between genotypes according to the student t-test (p = 0.05).

**Figure 2**
Transcript and protein accumulation level of plastid phosphoglycerate kinase (**pPGK**), plastid glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (**pGAPDH**), plastid fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (**pFBA**), and the activity of pFBA in two genotypes of *F. arundinacea* (Fa-HDT, Fa-LDT) and *F. glaucescens* (Fg-HDT, Fg-LDT) before stress treatment (C), on the 3rd (D1), 6th (D2), and 11th (D3) day of water deficit and 10 days after re-hydration initiation (RH). The transcript accumulation levels of actin and ubiquitin were used as references. Error bars represent the standard errors (SE) of three biological and two technical (transcript level and activity) or three biological (protein level) replicates. Homogeneity groups are denoted by the same letters, according to Fischer LSD test (p = 0.01).

**Figure 3**
Transcript and protein accumulation level of L-ascorbate peroxidase (**APX**), catalase (**CAT**), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (**GPX**), Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (**Cu/Zn-SOD**), manganese superoxide dismutase (**Mn-SOD**), and Fe-dependent superoxide dismutase **(Fe-SOD**) in two genotypes of *F. arundinacea* (Fa-HDT, Fa-LDT) and *F. glaucescens* (Fg-HDT, Fg-LDT) before stress treatment (C), on the 3rd (D1), 6th (D2), and 11th (D3) day of water deficit and 10 days after re-hydration initiation (RH). The transcript accumulation levels of actin and ubiquitin were used as references. Error bars represent the standard errors (SE) of three biological and two technical (transcript level) or three biological (protein level) replicates. Homogeneity groups are denoted by the same letters, according to Fischer LSD test (p = 0.01).

**Figure 4**
The activity of L-ascorbate peroxidase (**APX**), catalase (**CAT**), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (**GPX**) and superoxide dismutase (**SOD**) in two genotypes of *F. arundinacea* (Fa-HDT, Fa-LDT) and *F. glaucescens* (Fg-HDT, Fg-LDT) before stress treatment (C), on the 3rd (D1), 6th (D2), and 11th (D3) day of water deficit and 10 days after re-hydration initiation (RH). Error bars represent the standard errors (SE) of three biological and two technical replicates. Homogeneity groups are denoted by the same letters, according to Fischer LSD test (p = 0.01).

**Figure 5**
Thiobarbituric-reactive substances (**TBARS)**, superoxide anion radical (**O₂^•−**) and hydrogen peroxide content (**H₂O₂**) in two genotypes of *F. arundinacea* (Fa-HDT, Fa-LDT) and *F. glaucescens* (Fg-HDT, Fg-LDT) before stress treatment (C), on the 3rd (D1), 6th (D2), and 11th (D3) day of water deficit and 10 days after re-hydration initiation (RH). Error bars represent the standard errors (SE) of three biological and technical replicates. Homogeneity groups are denoted by the same letters, according to Fischer LSD test (p = 0.01).

**Figure 6**
A comparison of physiological and molecular reactions in the HDT (Fa-HDT, Fg-HDT) and LDT (Fa-LDT, Fg-LDT) genotypes of *F. arundinacea* and *F. glaucescens* to drought stress on the 11th day of water deficit (D3), unless otherwise stated (D1—3rd and D2—6th day of drought) in relation to the control; and 10 days after re-hydration initiation (RH) in relation to D3.

**Figure 7**
The scheme of short-term drought experiment performed with *F. arundinacea* and *F. glaucescens*.

Cited by

Plant Cell and Organism Development.
Hasterok R, Betekhtin A. Hasterok R, et al. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Aug 6;21(16):5636. doi: 10.3390/ijms21165636. Int J Mol Sci. 2020. PMID: 32781648 Free PMC article.
Freezing Tolerance of Lolium multiflorum/Festuca arundinacea Introgression Forms is Associated with the High Activity of Antioxidant System and Adjustment of Photosynthetic Activity under Cold Acclimation.
Augustyniak A, Pawłowicz I, Lechowicz K, Izbiańska-Jankowska K, Arasimowicz-Jelonek M, Rapacz M, Perlikowski D, Kosmala A. Augustyniak A, et al. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Aug 17;21(16):5899. doi: 10.3390/ijms21165899. Int J Mol Sci. 2020. PMID: 32824486 Free PMC article.
Adjustment of Photosynthetic and Antioxidant Activities to Water Deficit Is Crucial in the Drought Tolerance of Lolium multiflorum/Festuca arundinacea Introgression Forms.
Lechowicz K, Pawłowicz I, Perlikowski D, Arasimowicz-Jelonek M, Blicharz S, Skirycz A, Augustyniak A, Malinowski R, Rapacz M, Kosmala A. Lechowicz K, et al. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Aug 6;21(16):5639. doi: 10.3390/ijms21165639. Int J Mol Sci. 2020. PMID: 32781659 Free PMC article.
Scavenging of nitric oxide up-regulates photosynthesis under drought in Festuca arundinacea and F. glaucescens but reduces their drought tolerance.
Perlikowski D, Lechowicz K, Pawłowicz I, Arasimowicz-Jelonek M, Kosmala A. Perlikowski D, et al. Sci Rep. 2022 Apr 20;12(1):6500. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-10299-5. Sci Rep. 2022. PMID: 35444199 Free PMC article.
Insight into metabolic sensors of nitrosative stress protection in Phytophthora infestans.
Gajewska J, Floryszak-Wieczorek J, Kosmala A, Perlikowski D, Żywicki M, Sobieszczuk-Nowicka E, Judelson HS, Arasimowicz-Jelonek M. Gajewska J, et al. Front Plant Sci. 2023 Jul 20;14:1148222. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1148222. eCollection 2023. Front Plant Sci. 2023. PMID: 37546259 Free PMC article.

References

1. Gray S.B., Brady S.M. Plant developmental responses to climate change. Dev. Biol. 2016;419:64–77. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.07.023. - DOI - PubMed
1. Marshall A.H., Collins R.P., Humphreys M.W., Scullion J. A new emphasis on root traits for perennial grass and legume varieties with environmental and ecological benefits. Food Energy Secur. 2016;5:26–39. doi: 10.1002/fes3.78. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Augustyniak A., Perlikowski D., Rapacz M., Kościelniak J., Kosmala A. Insight into cellular proteome of Lolium multiflorum/Festuca arundinacea introgression forms to decipher crucial mechanisms of cold acclimation in forage grasses. Plant Sci. 2018;272:22–31. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.04.002. - DOI - PubMed
1. Kosmala A., Bocian A., Rapacz M., Jurczyk B., Zwierzykowski Z. Identification of leaf proteins differentially accumulated during cold acclimation between Festuca pratensis plants with distinct levels of frost tolerance. J. Exp. Bot. 2009;60:3595–3609. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erp205. - DOI - PubMed
1. Kosmala A., Perlikowski D., Pawłowicz I., Rapacz M. Changes in the chloroplast proteome following water deficit and subsequent watering in a high and a low drought tolerant genotype of Festuca arundinacea. J. Exp. Bot. 2012;63:6161–6172. doi: 10.1093/jxb/ers265. - DOI - PubMed

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Two Festuca Species- F. arundinacea and F. glaucescens-Differ in the Molecular Response to Drought, While Their Physiological Response Is Similar - PubMed