Health-related quality of life in youth with abdominal pain: An examination of optimism and pain self-efficacy - PubMed
Observational Study
Health-related quality of life in youth with abdominal pain: An examination of optimism and pain self-efficacy
Rachel M Tomlinson et al. J Psychosom Res. 2021 Aug.
Abstract
Objectives: Abdominal pain adversely impacts children with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) or organic gastrointestinal disorders (OGIDs); findings are inconsistent regarding diagnosis and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study utilizes a positive psychology framework to understand the experience of youth with abdominal pain (i.e., do positive psychological factors, such as optimism and pain self-efficacy, relate to higher HRQoL?). Consistent with a protective factor model of resilience, in which personal assets may serve as buffers between risk factors and negative outcomes, optimism and pain self-efficacy were examined as they relate to HRQoL in youth with abdominal pain. Specifically, exploratory moderational analyses examined a) if optimism and pain self-efficacy moderate the relation between pain and HRQoL, and b) whether diagnostic status moderated the relation between optimism/pain self-efficacy and HRQoL.
Methods: In a cross-sectional, observational study, youth (n = 98; Mage = 13, SD = 3) experiencing abdominal pain related to FGIDs or OGIDs and one of their parents participated. Measures included pain intensity, optimism, pain self-efficacy, and HRQoL. Analyses controlled for diagnosis, age, and gender.
Results: Higher pain and age related to lower HRQoL. Higher levels of optimism and pain self-efficacy associated with HRQoL beyond demographics. Optimism and pain self-efficacy did not moderate the relation between pain and HRQoL. Diagnostic status did not moderate the relation between optimism or pain self-efficacy and HRQoL.
Discussion: Our results suggest positive relations between positive psychological factors (optimism, pain self-efficacy) and HRQoL in youth with abdominal pain. Such factors could be further examined in intervention studies.
Keywords: Abdominal pain; Gastrointestinal illness; Health-related quality of life; Optimism; Pain self-efficacy; Psychogastroenterology.
Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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