pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Aspects of Molecular Genetics in Dromedary Camel - PubMed

  • ️Fri Jan 01 2021

Review

Aspects of Molecular Genetics in Dromedary Camel

Mohammed Piro. Front Genet. 2021.

Abstract

Dromedary camels are unique in their morphological and physiological characteristics and are capable of providing milk and meat even under extreme environmental conditions. Like other species, the dromedary camel has also benefitted from the development of the molecular genetics to increase the knowledge about different aspect in camel genetics (genetic variation, molecular marker, parentage control, gene of interest, whole genome, dating…etc.). In this paper we review the different molecular genetic technics used in this particular species and future prospects. Dromedary genetic studies started in the end of the 1980s with phenotypic evaluation and the attempts to highlight the protein and biochemical diversity. In the 2000s, with the development of molecular markers such as microsatellites, genetic diversity of different types in several countries were estimated and microsatellites were also used for parentage control. In terms of genetic characterization, microsatellites revealed a defined global structure, differentiating East African and South Arabian dromedaries from North African, North Arabian, and South Asian individuals, respectively. Also, mitochondrialDNA sequence analysis of ancient DNA proved to be crucial in resolving domestication processes in dromedaries. Ancient and modern DNA revealed dynamics of domestication and cross-continental dispersion of the dromedary. Nuclear SNPs, single nucleotide polymorphisms changes that occur approximately each 1000 bps in the mammalian genome were also applied in some studies in dromedary. These markers are a very useful alternative to microsatellites and have been employed in some studies on genetic diversity and relevant phenotypic traits in livestock. Finally, thanks to the use of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) the whole-genome assemblies of the dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) and a work to establish the organization of the dromedary genome at chromosome level were recently published.

Keywords: SNP; dromedary camel; microsatellite; molecular genetics; mtDNA.

Copyright © 2021 Piro.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The author declares that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Almathen F., Charruau P., Mohandesan E., Mwacharo J. M., Orozco-terWengel P., Pitt D., et al. (2016). Ancient and Modern DNA Reveal Dynamics of Domestication and Cross-Continental Dispersal of the Dromedary. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 113 (24), 6707–6712. 10.1073/pnas.1519508113 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Arthofer W., Heussler C., Krapf P., Schlick-Steiner B. C., Steiner F. M. (2018). Identifying the Minimum Number of Microsatellite Loci Needed to Assess Population Genetic Structure: A Case Study in Fly Culturing. Fly. 12 (1), 13–22. 10.1080/19336934.2017.1396400 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bakory M. A. (2012). Preliminary Genetic Study of Libyan Camels Using DNA Based RAPD and SSR Markers. Anim. Sci. J. 3 (1), 06–10.
    1. Balmus G., Trifonov V. A., Biltueva L. S., O’Brien P. C. M., Alkalaeva E. S., Fu B., et al. (2007). Cross-Species Chromosome Painting Among Camel, Cattle, Pig and Human: Further Insights into the Putative Cetartiodactyla Ancestral Karyotype. Chromosome Res. 15, 499–514. 10.1007/s10577-007-1154-x - DOI - PubMed
    1. Banerjee P., Joshi J., Sharma U., Vijh R. K. (2012). Population Differentiation in Dromedarian Camel: A Comparative Study of Camel Inhabiting Extremes of Geographical Distribution. Int. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 4 (2), 84–92. Maxwell Scientific Organization.

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources