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Importance of circulating adipocytokines in multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis based on case-control studies - PubMed

  • ️Sat Jan 01 2022

Meta-Analysis

Importance of circulating adipocytokines in multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis based on case-control studies

Rui Liu et al. BMC Endocr Disord. 2022.

Abstract

Background: Adipocytes and their products, adipocytokines, play important roles in the generation and development of multiple myeloma (MM). Studies have demonstrated some adipocytokines to be associated with MM, although those results are controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to verify the association of adipocytokines with MM.

Methods: We performed a systematic retrieval of literature published prior to 26 October 2021. Standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to evaluate pooled effects. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression analysis were conducted to detect sources of heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the stability of the study. Publication bias was assessed by funnel plots and Egger's linear regression test.

Results: Ten eligible studies with 1269 MM patients and 2158 controls were included. The pooled analyses indicated that circulating leptin levels of MM patients were significantly higher than control levels (SMD= 0.87, 95%CI: 0.33 to 1.41), while the circulating adiponectin levels in MM patients were significantly lower than controls with a pooled SMD of -0.49 (95%CI: -0.78 to -0.20). The difference of circulating resistin levels were not significant between MM patients and controls (SMD= -0.08, 95%CI: -0.55 to 0.39). Subgroup analysis and meta-regression analysis found that sample size, age, and sex were possible sources of heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated our pooled results to be stable.

Conclusion: Decreased circulating adiponectin and increased leptin levels were associated with the occurrence and development of MM. Adiponectin and leptin may be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for MM.

Keywords: Adiponectin; Leptin; Meta-analysis; Multiple myeloma; Resistin.

© 2022. The Author(s).

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1

Flow diagram of the selection process for the meta-analysis

Fig. 2
Fig. 2

Forest plots of SMD with 95% CI of circulating leptin (A), adiponectin (B) and resistin (C) levels between MM patients and controls

Fig. 3
Fig. 3

Forest plots of subgroup analysis by BMI (A), age (B) and case (C) in leptin

Fig. 4
Fig. 4

Forest plots of subgroup analysis by race (A) and age (B) in adiponectin

Fig. 5
Fig. 5

The pooled SMD and 95%CI of eligible studies of leptin and adiponectin through sensitivity analysis

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