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Representative 2D-material-based nanocomposites and their emerging applications: a review - PubMed

  • ️Fri Jan 01 2021

Review

. 2021 Jul 7;11(39):23860-23880.

doi: 10.1039/d1ra03425a. eCollection 2021 Jul 6.

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Review

Representative 2D-material-based nanocomposites and their emerging applications: a review

Akeel Qadir et al. RSC Adv. 2021.

Abstract

Composites (or complex materials) are formed from two or many constituent materials with novel physical or chemical characteristics when integrated. The individual components can be combined to create a unique composite material through mechanical transfer, physical stacking, exfoliation, derivative chemical mixtures, mixtures of solid solutions, or complex synthesis processes. The development of new composites based on emerging 2D nanomaterials has allowed for outstanding achievements with novel applications that were previously unknown. These new composite materials show massive potential in emerging applications due to their exceptional properties, such as being strong, light, cheap, and highly photodegradable, and their ability to be used for water splitting and energy storage compared to traditional materials. The blend of existing polymers and 2D materials with their nanocomposites has proven to be immediate solutions to energy and food scarcity in the world. Although much literature has been reported in the said context, we tried to provide an understanding about the relationship of their mechanisms and scope for future application in a comprehensive way. In this review, we briefly summarize the basic characteristics, novel physical and chemical behaviors, and new applications in the industry of the emerging 2D-material-based composites.

This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts to declare.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Publications on 2D-material-based composites from 2010 to 2020. Source: ISI Web of Science (search: “2D Composites”).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. Classification of 2D-Materials Based composites.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. Carbon-based nanocomposites possibilities.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4. (A) Schematic illustration formation negatively like-charged, (A1) Au/GO, (A2) CNT/GO, (A3) WS2/GO lamellar composite films by direct filtration. (B) Cross-section SEM images of, (B1) Au/GO, (B2) CNT/GO and (B3) WS2/rGO WG-2-1 films, (C) schematic illustration, SEM and TEM of the preparation of WS2–NG composites.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5. (A) Suspension of phenylisocyanate-treated GO and dissolved polystyrene in DMF before/after a reduction through N,N-dimethylhydrazine. (B) The fabricated composite powder via coagulation in methanol. (C) Hot-pressed graphene-based composite and pure polystyrene processed in the same way. (D) The conductivity of composite as a function of filler volume fraction. Right inset, log σc plotted against log(Φ − Φc).
Fig. 6
Fig. 6. (A) Schematical growth of CNTs and the formation of MXene-knotted CNT composite electrode. (B) Schematical growth mechanism of C@FeS composites with the carbon layer and FeS nanoparticles (NPs), nanosheets, and nanoplates.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7. Schematic of fabricating of 2D mesoporous conductive polymers. (a) TEM image and formation process of spherical BCP. (b) AFM image and the self-assembled BCP micelles on GO surface. (c) AFM image and co-assembly of BCP micelles and pyrrole monomers on GO surface. (d) Polymerization of pyrrole monomers on the addition of ammonium persulfate initiator. (e) Mesoporous polypyrrole (PPy) nanosheets.
Fig. 8
Fig. 8. (A) Schematic illustration and (B and C) cross-sectional SEM images of SnO2/Cu hybrid nanosheets.
Fig. 9
Fig. 9. (A) The 2D nanomaterials for biological applications. (B) Simulations of peptide structure without graphene in water, including pure amorphous, pure crystalline, a segment from N-terminal, integrated amorphous, and crystal segment.
Fig. 10
Fig. 10. (A) Bandgap tuning of uniaxial and biaxial of monolayer MoS2 under different strain conditions. (B) Nanocones in substrate introduce periodic and local strain on top MoS2. (C) Excitonic funneling and inverse funneling effects in 2D semiconductors. The bottom part shows inverse funneling from a strained HfS2-based photodetector.
Fig. 11
Fig. 11. (A) Fabrication steps of the Au/SiO2/Si substrate with microcavity arrays (B) top view, (C) side view, (D) thickness-dependent thermal conductivity of MoS2, (E) summary of thermal conductivity for MoS2 films.
Fig. 12
Fig. 12. (A) Schematic of the formation mechanism for 2D/2D Bi2O2CO3/Bi4O5Br2 (BOC/BOB) heterojunction; SEM images of, (B) BOB, (C) BOC, and (D) 30% BOC/BOB, respectively, (E) photocurrent densities, (F) photocatalytic activity of 30% BOC/BOB composite photocatalyst under various scavengers.
Fig. 13
Fig. 13. Illustration of 2D-material-based composite applications.

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