pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

A new and automated risk prediction of coronary artery disease using clinical endpoints and medical imaging-derived patient-specific insights: protocol for the retrospective GeoCAD cohort study - PubMed

  • ️Sat Jan 01 2022

A new and automated risk prediction of coronary artery disease using clinical endpoints and medical imaging-derived patient-specific insights: protocol for the retrospective GeoCAD cohort study

Dona Adikari et al. BMJ Open. 2022.

Abstract

Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. More than a quarter of cardiovascular events are unexplained by current absolute cardiovascular disease risk calculators, and individuals without clinical risk factors have been shown to have worse outcomes. The 'anatomy of risk' hypothesis recognises that adverse anatomical features of coronary arteries enhance atherogenic haemodynamics, which in turn mediate the localisation and progression of plaques. We propose a new risk prediction method predicated on CT coronary angiography (CTCA) data and state-of-the-art machine learning methods based on a better understanding of anatomical risk for CAD. This may open new pathways in the early implementation of personalised preventive therapies in susceptible individuals as a potential key in addressing the growing burden of CAD.

Methods and analysis: GeoCAD is a retrospective cohort study in 1000 adult patients who have undergone CTCA for investigation of suspected CAD. It is a proof-of-concept study to test the hypothesis that advanced image-derived patient-specific data can accurately predict long-term cardiovascular events. The objectives are to (1) profile CTCA images with respect to variations in anatomical shape and associated haemodynamic risk expressing, at least in part, an individual's CAD risk, (2) develop a machine-learning algorithm for the rapid assessment of anatomical risk directly from unprocessed CTCA images and (3) to build a novel CAD risk model combining traditional risk factors with these novel anatomical biomarkers to provide a higher accuracy CAD risk prediction tool.

Ethics and dissemination: The study protocol has been approved by the St Vincent's Hospital Human Research Ethics Committee, Sydney-2020/ETH02127 and the NSW Population and Health Service Research Ethics Committee-2021/ETH00990. The project outcomes will be published in peer-reviewed and biomedical journals, scientific conferences and as a higher degree research thesis.

Keywords: computed tomography; coronary heart disease; risk management.

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1

GeoCAD study flow chart. BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CACS, coronary artery calcium score; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHeReL, Centre for health record linkage; CTCA, CT coronary angiography; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SMI, spectrum medical imaging; SMuRF, standard modifiable risk factor.

Figure 2
Figure 2

Three-dimensional representation of candidate anatomical biomarkers: (1) bifurcation angle (angle B), defined as the angle between the daughter vessels after branching, (2) inflow angle, defined as the angle with which the proximal vessel enters the bifurcation plane, (3) diameter, (4) curvature (1/radius) and (5) tortuosity (length/diameter).

Similar articles

References

    1. Anderson KM, Wilson PW, Odell PM, et al. . An updated coronary risk profile. A statement for health professionals. Circulation 1991;83:356–62. 10.1161/01.CIR.83.1.356 - DOI - PubMed
    1. World Health Organization . World health statistics 2019: monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2019.
    1. Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian simvastatin survival study (4S). Lancet 1994;344:1383–9. - PubMed
    1. Cannon CP, Blazing MA, Giugliano RP, et al. . Ezetimibe added to statin therapy after acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 2015;372:2387–97. 10.1056/NEJMoa1410489 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Damen JA, Pajouheshnia R, Heus P, et al. . Performance of the Framingham risk models and pooled cohort equations for predicting 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med 2019;17:109. 10.1186/s12916-019-1340-7 - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms