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Genetic Structure of Racing Pigeons (Columba livia) Kept in Poland Based on Microsatellite Markers - PubMed

  • ️Sat Jan 01 2022

Genetic Structure of Racing Pigeons (Columba livia) Kept in Poland Based on Microsatellite Markers

Angelika Podbielska et al. Genes (Basel). 2022.

Abstract

Pigeons played a major role in communication before the invention of the telephone and the telegraph, as well as in wars, where they were used to carry information and orders over long distances. Currently, numerous sports competitions and races are held with their participation, and their breeding is demanding not only for breeders, but also for the birds themselves. Therefore, an analysis of the genetic structure of racing pigeons kept in Poland was undertaken on the basis of 16 microsatellite markers, as well as the evaluation of the microsatellite panel recommended by ISAG. For this purpose, Bayesian clustering, a dendrogram, and Principal Coordinate Analysis were conducted. In addition, statistical analysis was performed. Based on this research, it was observed that racing pigeons are genetically mixed, regardless of their place of origin. Moreover, genetic diversity was estimated at a relatively satisfactory level (Ho = 0.623, He = 0.684), and no alarmingly high inbreeding coefficient was observed (F = 0.088). Moreover, it was found that the panel recommended by ISAG can be successfully used in Poland for individual identification and parentage testing (PIC = 0.639, CE-1P = 0.9987233, CE-2P = 0.9999872, CE-PP = 0.99999999).

Keywords: gene flow; genetic diversity; homing pigeons; individual identification; microsatellite markers; parentage testing; population structure; racing.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1

Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) of all pigeons. 1—PL; 2—BE; 3—DV; 4—SK; 5—NL. Percentage of variation explained by the first 3 axes: 3.34, 2.89, and 2.45.

Figure 2
Figure 2

Dendrogram of genetic distance between all individuals with the UPGMA algorithm. Red—PL; green—BE; blue—DV; yellow—SK; pink—NL.

Figure 3
Figure 3

(A) Delta K values obtained with STRUCTURE HARVESTER. (B) Rate of change in the likelihood distribution (mean) obtained with STRUCTURE HARVESTER. (C) STRUCTURE software clustering at K = 4 on a dataset containing 519 individuals.

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This research was funded by the National Research Institute of Animal Production.

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