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Fabrication, Property and Application of Calcium Alginate Fiber: A Review - PubMed

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Review

Fabrication, Property and Application of Calcium Alginate Fiber: A Review

Xiaolin Zhang et al. Polymers (Basel). 2022.

Abstract

As a natural linear polysaccharide, alginate can be gelled into calcium alginate fiber and exploited for functional material applications. Owing to its high hygroscopicity, biocompatibility, nontoxicity and non-flammability, calcium alginate fiber has found a variety of potential applications. This article gives a comprehensive overview of research on calcium alginate fiber, starting from the fabrication technique of wet spinning and microfluidic spinning, followed by a detailed description of the moisture absorption ability, biocompatibility and intrinsic fire-resistant performance of calcium alginate fiber, and briefly introduces its corresponding applications in biomaterials, fire-retardant and other advanced materials that have been extensively studied over the past decade. This review assists in better design and preparation of the alginate bio-based fiber and puts forward new perspectives for further study on alginate fiber, which can benefit the future development of the booming eco-friendly marine biomass polysaccharide fiber.

Keywords: alginate fiber; application properties; preparation method.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no potential conflict of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1

The structural schematic diagram of chain conformation and M/G block distribution of alginate molecular chain.

Figure 2
Figure 2

Egg-box junctions of calcium ion and the G block of alginate.

Figure 3
Figure 3

Fabrication of the alginate hydrogel and its porous scaffold by combining ionic cross-linking and freeze-drying techniques.

Figure 4
Figure 4

Preparation of the alginate nonwoven fabric by the acupuncture technique.

Figure 5
Figure 5

Schematic diagram of wet spinning process of calcium alginate fiber.

Figure 6
Figure 6

A mini modified version wet spinning device, (a) schematic diagram of the fiber spinning and (b) the formation mechanism of fiber.

Figure 7
Figure 7

(a) The micro-channel device with various cross sections, (b) Overview of the microfluidic platforms composed of coaxial core and sheath fluids, (c) Anisotropic structure of alginate fiber fabricated by the MST, (d) Various metal cations cross-linked with alginate polymer to fabricate fiber and (e) The cell load micro-engineered fibers as the desired biomimetic material.

Figure 8
Figure 8

Schematic diagram of (a) microfluidic spinning system and (b) generating flat fibers with micro-grooves, SEM images of (c) the slit-shaped channel and (d) alginate fiber with grooved structure.

Figure 9
Figure 9

(a) SEM images of the hierarchical structure in the alginate fiber, Breaking strength of alginate fiber with the hierarchical structure (b) and without the hierarchical structure (c).

Figure 10
Figure 10

Introduction of (a) ionic bond, (b) hydrogen bond and (c) covalent bond in the alginate fiber.

Figure 11
Figure 11

The migration of fibroblasts (a–d) and keratinocytes (e–h) covered on the simulated scratch wound [15,58].

Figure 12
Figure 12

Schematic diagram of thermal decomposition of alginate fiber.

Figure 13
Figure 13

The proposed pyrolysis pathways of alginate fiber.

Figure 14
Figure 14

Schematic diagram of a pH/temperature-responsive alginate microfiber with single or double layered structure fabricated by the microfluidic system.

Figure 15
Figure 15

SEM images of polyester/alginate mixed fiber (a) before and (b) after the flammability test, and (c) EDX element mapping image (purple for carbon mainly from melt polyesters and yellow for calcium in fibrous charred alginate).

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