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Effect and mechanism of eugenol on storage quality of fresh-peeled Chinese water chestnuts - PubMed

  • ️Sat Jan 01 2022

Effect and mechanism of eugenol on storage quality of fresh-peeled Chinese water chestnuts

Zhe Chen et al. Front Plant Sci. 2022.

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of eugenol treatment on fresh-peeled Chinese water chestnuts (CWCs). The results found that eugenol treatment maintained the appearance of fresh-peeled CWCs, accompanied by higher L* value, total solids and O2 contents, as well as lower browning degree, weight loss rate, CO2 content, a* and b* values. In addition, eugenol treatment significantly reduced the activities of peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and polyphenol oxidase, as well as the total content of soluble quinone in fresh-peeled CWCs. Meanwhile, fresh-peeled CWCs treated with eugenol showed markedly lower content of total flavonoids, which may be related to yellowing. Furthermore, eugenol treatment suppressed the rates of O2·- and OH·- production as well as the contents of H2O2 and malondialdehyde in fresh-peeled CWCs. During the storage, eugenol treatment not only increased the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase as well as the DPPH free radical scavenging rate, but also increased the total phenolics, ascorbic acid and glutathione contents. In summary, eugenol treatment delayed the surface discoloration of fresh-peeled CWCs by improving the antioxidant capacity, inhibiting the phenolic compound metabolism and scavenging ROS, thus effectively maintaining the quality of fresh-peeled CWCs while extending their shelf life.

Keywords: eugenol; fresh-peeled Chinese water chestnut; phenolic metabolism; reactive oxygen metabolism; storage quality.

Copyright © 2022 Chen, Xu, Lu, Miao, Yi, Wang, Hou, Ai, Wang and Min.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1

Images of 0, 0.75, 1, 2, and 4 g/L EUG treatment on fresh-peeled CWC (A), and 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 min EUG treatment on fresh-peeled CWC (B).

Figure 2
Figure 2

Effects of eugenol treatment on the visual quality (A), color difference (B–D), browning degree (E) of fresh-peeled CWC. Fresh-peeled CWCs were treated with tap water (CK), ethanol (EtOH) or eugenol (EUG). Error bars denote a standard error of the mean of triplicate assays. Different lowercase letters have shown significant differences (P<0.05).

Figure 3
Figure 3

Effects of eugenol treatment on the total soluble solids (A), weight loss rate (B), O2 content (C) and CO2 content (D) of fresh-peeled CWC. Fresh-peeled CWCs were treated with tap water (CK), ethanol (EtOH) or eugenol (EUG). Error bars denote a standard error of the mean of triplicate assays. Different lowercase letters have shown significant differences (P<0.05).

Figure 4
Figure 4

Effects of eugenol treatment on the total flavonoids (A), total phenolics (B), and soluble quinones (C) of fresh-peeled CWC. Fresh-peeled CWCs were treated with tap water (CK), ethanol (EtOH) or eugenol (EUG). Error bars denote a standard error of the mean of triplicate assays. Different lowercase letters have shown significant differences (P<0.05).

Figure 5
Figure 5

Effects of eugenol treatment on the activities of PAL (A), PPO (B), and POD (C) of fresh-peeled CWC. Fresh-peeled CWCs were treated with tap water (CK), ethanol (EtOH) or eugenol (EUG). Error bars denote a standard error of the mean of triplicate assays. Different lowercase letters have shown significant differences (P<0.05).

Figure 6
Figure 6

Effects of eugenol treatment on the H2O2 content (A), O2·- production rate (B), OH·- production rate (C) and MDA content (D) of fresh-peeled CWC. Fresh-peeled CWCs were treated with tap water (CK), ethanol (EtOH) or eugenol (EUG). Error bars denote a standard error of the mean of triplicate assays. Different lowercase letters have shown significant differences (P<0.05).

Figure 7
Figure 7

Effects of eugenol treatment on the activities of CAT (A), SOD (B) and DPPH radical scavenging ability (C) of fresh-peeled CWC. Fresh-peeled CWCs were treated with tap water (CK), ethanol (EtOH) or eugenol (EUG). Error bars denote a standard error of the mean of triplicate assays. Different lowercase letters have shown significant differences (P<0.05).

Figure 8
Figure 8

Effects of eugenol treatment on the AsA content (A), GSH content (B), APX activity (C) and GR activity (D) of fresh-peeled CWC. Fresh-peeled CWCs were treated with tap water (CK), ethanol (EtOH) or eugenol (EUG). Error bars denote a standard error of the mean of triplicate assays. Different lowercase letters have shown significant differences (P<0.05).

Figure 9
Figure 9

Correlation heat map of each index of fresh-peeled CWCs treated with eugenol. (The color depth indicates the strength of the correlation, the redder the color, the stronger the positive correlation, and the bluer the color, the stronger the negative correlation).

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