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Cell Dissemination in Pancreatic Cancer - PubMed

  • ️Sat Jan 01 2022

Review

Cell Dissemination in Pancreatic Cancer

Jungsun Kim. Cells. 2022.

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer is a disease notorious for its high frequency of recurrence and low survival rate. Surgery is the most effective treatment for localized pancreatic cancer, but most cancer recurs after surgery, and patients die within ten years of diagnosis. The question persists: what makes pancreatic cancer recur and metastasize with such a high frequency? Herein, we review evidence that subclinical dormant pancreatic cancer cells disseminate before developing metastatic or recurring cancer. We then discuss several routes by which pancreatic cancer migrates and the mechanisms by which pancreatic cancer cells adapt. Lastly, we discuss unanswered questions in pancreatic cancer cell migration and our perspectives.

Keywords: adherens junctions; cell dissemination; collective cell migration; epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT).

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1

Cancer cell migration in the pancreas. (A) Topographical view of venous drainage of the pancreas. The portal vein is formed by the confluence of the superior mesenteric, splenic, inferior mesenteric, pancreaticoduodenal, and gastric veins. The tail and body of the pancreas drain into the splenic vein. The head and neck of the pancreas drain into the superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal veins [44]. (B,C) Depiction of pancreatic ductal cells. Exfoliated cells invade the extracellular matrix by breaking down basement membrane proteins. Migration of exfoliated cells through the ductal lumen (L) is not common but is occasionally seen in pancreatic cancer. The invading PDAC cells can further interact with nerve (B) or venous systems (C) in the pancreata. The use of anatomical diagrams of the pancreas and veins were granted from Elsevier (copyright) [44] and modified using Adobe illustrator and BioRender.

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Grants and funding

JK has been supported by the Knight CEDAR (68182-947-000) from the Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center at Oregon Health & Science University’s Knight Cancer Institute, CRUK-OHSU Project Award (2018-CRUK-OHSU-001), and MRF New Investigator Grant (GCNCR1042A).