Yawning and scratching contagion in wild spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) - PubMed
- ️Sun Jan 01 2023
Yawning and scratching contagion in wild spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi)
Sara Valdivieso-Cortadella et al. Sci Rep. 2023.
Abstract
Behavioural contagion is a widespread phenomenon in animal species, which is thought to promote coordination and group cohesion. Among non-human primates, however, there is no evidence of behavioural contagion in Platyrrhines (i.e. primates from South and Central America) yet. Here, we investigated whether behavioural contagion is also present in this taxon, by assessing yawning and scratching contagion in a wild group (N = 49) of Geoffroy's spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi). We conducted focal samples to examine whether individuals observing the triggering event (i.e. a naturally occurring yawning or scratching event in the group) would be more likely to yawn or scratch in the following 3 min, as compared to individuals who did not observe the triggering event. We ran generalized linear mixed models using a Bayesian approach, and found that the probability of yawning and scratching was higher for individuals observing others yawning and scratching, respectively, as compared to individuals who did not observe such an event. Behavioural contagion did not vary depending on the observer's sex, kinship or relationship quality with the individual performing the triggering event. These findings provide the first evidence for yawning and scratching contagion in a wild group of spider monkeys, and importantly contribute to the debate about the evolutionary origins of behavioural contagion in primates.
© 2023. The Author(s).
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare no competing interests.
Figures

Thick lines represent the median estimated probability of individuals yawning after observing or not the yawning triggering event, back-transformed from the logit scale, and averaged over the level of maternal kinship and observer’s sex. Boxes represent the lower and upper 95% highest posterior density (HPD) interval probabilities.

Thick lines represent the median estimated probability of individuals scratching after observing or not the scratching triggering event, back-transformed from the logit scale, and averaged over the level of maternal kinship and observer’s sex. Boxes represent the lower and upper 95% highest posterior density (HPD) interval probabilities.
Similar articles
-
Contagious yawning and scratching in captive lemurs.
Lemes WP, Amici F. Lemes WP, et al. Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 4;14(1):26672. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-77805-9. Sci Rep. 2024. PMID: 39496688 Free PMC article.
-
Anxiety in Geoffroy's spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi): Can scratching be used as an indicator?
Dell'Anna F, Schino G, Aureli F. Dell'Anna F, et al. Am J Primatol. 2022 Jun;84(6):e23373. doi: 10.1002/ajp.23373. Epub 2022 Mar 21. Am J Primatol. 2022. PMID: 35313035
-
Vigilance has mainly a social function in a wild group of spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi).
Bernardi-Gómez C, Valdivieso-Cortadella S, Llorente M, Aureli F, Amici F. Bernardi-Gómez C, et al. Am J Primatol. 2023 Dec;85(12):e23559. doi: 10.1002/ajp.23559. Epub 2023 Oct 15. Am J Primatol. 2023. PMID: 37839064
-
The neuroethology of spontaneous mimicry and emotional contagion in human and non-human animals.
Palagi E, Celeghin A, Tamietto M, Winkielman P, Norscia I. Palagi E, et al. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020 Apr;111:149-165. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.01.020. Epub 2020 Jan 20. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020. PMID: 31972204 Review.
-
Diet of spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) in Mesoamerica: current knowledge and future directions.
González-Zamora A, Arroyo-Rodríguez V, Chaves OM, Sánchez-López S, Stoner KE, Riba-Hernández P. González-Zamora A, et al. Am J Primatol. 2009 Jan;71(1):8-20. doi: 10.1002/ajp.20625. Am J Primatol. 2009. PMID: 18942095 Review.
Cited by
-
Contagious yawning and scratching in captive lemurs.
Lemes WP, Amici F. Lemes WP, et al. Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 4;14(1):26672. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-77805-9. Sci Rep. 2024. PMID: 39496688 Free PMC article.
-
The sound of yawns makes geladas yawn.
Pedruzzi L, Francesconi M, Palagi E, Lemasson A. Pedruzzi L, et al. Sci Rep. 2024 Jan 7;14(1):361. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-49797-5. Sci Rep. 2024. PMID: 38185686 Free PMC article.
-
More than a simple fixed action pattern: Yawning in drills.
Galotti A, Fausti G, Casetta G, Nolfo AP, Maglieri V, Palagi E. Galotti A, et al. Primates. 2024 Jul;65(4):281-297. doi: 10.1007/s10329-024-01127-7. Epub 2024 Apr 22. Primates. 2024. PMID: 38649661 Free PMC article.
References
-
- Duranton C, Gaunet F. Behavioural synchronization from an ethological perspective: Overview of its adaptive value. Adapt. Behav. 2016;24(3):181–191. doi: 10.1177/1059712316644966. - DOI
-
- Lakin JL, Jefferis VE, Cheng CM, Chartrand TL. The chameleon effect as social glue: Evidence for the evolutionary significance of nonconscious mimicry. J. Nonverbal Behav. 2003;27(3):145–162. doi: 10.1023/A:1025389814290. - DOI
-
- Zentall TR. Imitation by animals: How do they do it? Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci. 2003;12(3):91–95. doi: 10.1111/1467-8721.01237. - DOI
Publication types
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Miscellaneous