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Fighting nature with nature: antiviral compounds that target retroviruses - PubMed

️Mon Jan 01 2024

Review

Fighting nature with nature: antiviral compounds that target retroviruses

Zhen Yun Siew et al. Arch Microbiol. 2024.

Abstract

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a type of lentivirus that targets the human immune system and leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) at a later stage. Up to 2021, there are millions still living with HIV and many have lost their lives. To date, many anti-HIV compounds have been discovered in living organisms, especially plants and marine sponges. However, no treatment can offer a complete cure, but only suppressing it with a life-long medication, known as combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) or highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) which are often associated with various adverse effects. Also, it takes many years for a discovered compound to be approved for clinical use. Thus, by employing advanced technologies such as automation, conducting systematic screening and testing protocols may boost the discovery and development of potent and curative therapeutics for HIV infection/AIDS. In this review, we aim to summarize the antiretroviral therapies/compounds and their associated drawbacks since the discovery of azidothymidine. Additionally, we aim to provide an updated analysis of the most recent discoveries of promising antiretroviral candidates, along with an exploration of the current limitations within antiretroviral research. Finally, we intend to glean insightful perspectives and propose future research directions in this crucial area of study.

Keywords: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; Antiretroviral compound; Bioactive constituent; Cure; Human immunodeficiency virus; Retrovirus.

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Fighting nature with nature: antiviral compounds that target retroviruses - PubMed