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From Genomics to Metabolomics: Molecular Insights into Osteoporosis for Enhanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches - PubMed

  • ️Mon Jan 01 2024

Review

From Genomics to Metabolomics: Molecular Insights into Osteoporosis for Enhanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches

Qingmei Li et al. Biomedicines. 2024.

Abstract

Osteoporosis (OP) is a prevalent skeletal disorder characterized by decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture risk. The advancements in omics technologies-genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics-have provided significant insights into the molecular mechanisms driving OP. These technologies offer critical perspectives on genetic predispositions, gene expression regulation, protein signatures, and metabolic alterations, enabling the identification of novel biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic targets. This review underscores the potential of these multi-omics approaches to bridge the gap between basic research and clinical applications, paving the way for precision medicine in OP management. By integrating these technologies, researchers can contribute to improved diagnostics, preventative strategies, and treatments for patients suffering from OP and related conditions.

Keywords: diagnostic biomarkers; genomics; metabolomics; osteoporosis; proteomics; therapeutic interventions; transcriptomics.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1

Epigenetic modifications in osteoporosis. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs, regulate gene expression in bone cells. These modifications influence bone homeostasis by affecting bone formation and resorption processes, thereby contributing to the development of OP.

Figure 2
Figure 2

Workflow of metabolomics research in osteoporosis. The figure outlines the comprehensive workflow of metabolomics research in OP, starting with the collection of various biological samples such as bone tissue, blood, urine, and feces. Samples are then analyzed using advanced techniques to detect and quantify metabolites. The resulting data undergo thorough analysis to identify patterns, correlations, and networks, providing insights into the metabolic changes associated with OP and potentially identifying biomarkers and targets for therapeutic intervention.

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