Progression to AIDS in the absence of a gene for vpr or vpx - PubMed

Progression to AIDS in the absence of a gene for vpr or vpx

J S Gibbs et al. J Virol. 1995 Apr.

Abstract

Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were experimentally infected with strains of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) derived from SIVmac239 lacking vpr, vpx, or both vpr and vpx genes. These auxiliary genes are not required for virus replication in cultured cells but are consistently conserved within the SIVmac/human immunodeficiency virus type 2/SIVsm group of primate lentiviruses. All four rhesus monkeys infected with the vpr deletion mutant showed an early spike in plasma antigenemia, maintained high virus burdens, exhibited declines in CD4+ lymphocyte concentrations, and had significant changes in lymph node morphology, and two have died to date with AIDS. The behavior of the vpr deletion mutant was indistinguishable from that of the parental, wild-type virus. Rhesus monkeys infected with the vpx deletion mutant showed lower levels of plasma antigenemia, lower virus burdens, and delayed declines in CD4+ lymphocyte concentrations but nonetheless progressed with AIDS to a terminal stage. The vpr+vpx double mutant was severely attenuated, with much lower virus burdens and no evidence of disease progression. These and other results indicate that vpr provides only a slight facilitating advantage for wild-type SIVmac replication in vivo. Thus, progression to AIDS and death can occur in the absence of a gene for vpr or vpx.

Similar articles

• Functional analysis of the vpx, vpr, and nef genes of simian immunodeficiency virus.

  Park IW, Sodroski J. Park IW, et al. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1995 Apr 1;8(4):335-44. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1995. PMID: 7882097

• vpr deletion mutant of simian immunodeficiency virus induces AIDS in rhesus monkeys.

  Hoch J, Lang SM, Weeger M, Stahl-Hennig C, Coulibaly C, Dittmer U, Hunsmann G, Fuchs D, Müller J, Sopper S, et al. Hoch J, et al. J Virol. 1995 Aug;69(8):4807-13. doi: 10.1128/JVI.69.8.4807-4813.1995. J Virol. 1995. PMID: 7609047 Free PMC article.

• Identification of highly attenuated mutants of simian immunodeficiency virus.

  Desrosiers RC, Lifson JD, Gibbs JS, Czajak SC, Howe AY, Arthur LO, Johnson RP. Desrosiers RC, et al. J Virol. 1998 Feb;72(2):1431-7. doi: 10.1128/JVI.72.2.1431-1437.1998. J Virol. 1998. PMID: 9445045 Free PMC article.

• The history of SIVS and AIDS: epidemiology, phylogeny and biology of isolates from naturally SIV infected non-human primates (NHP) in Africa.

  Apetrei C, Robertson DL, Marx PA. Apetrei C, et al. Front Biosci. 2004 Jan 1;9:225-54. doi: 10.2741/1154. Front Biosci. 2004. PMID: 14766362 Review.

• Limelight on two HIV/SIV accessory proteins in macrophage infection: is Vpx overshadowing Vpr?

  Ayinde D, Maudet C, Transy C, Margottin-Goguet F. Ayinde D, et al. Retrovirology. 2010 Apr 9;7:35. doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-7-35. Retrovirology. 2010. PMID: 20380700 Free PMC article. Review.

Cited by

• Revising the Role of Myeloid cells in HIV Pathogenesis.

  Aggarwal A, McAllery S, Turville SG. Aggarwal A, et al. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2013 Mar;10(1):3-11. doi: 10.1007/s11904-012-0149-1. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2013. PMID: 23242701

• An inducible human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vector which effectively suppresses HIV-1 replication.

  An DS, Morizono K, Li QX, Mao SH, Lu S, Chen IS. An DS, et al. J Virol. 1999 Sep;73(9):7671-7. doi: 10.1128/JVI.73.9.7671-7677.1999. J Virol. 1999. PMID: 10438857 Free PMC article.

• Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr interacts with antiapoptotic mitochondrial protein HAX-1.

  Yedavalli VS, Shih HM, Chiang YP, Lu CY, Chang LY, Chen MY, Chuang CY, Dayton AI, Jeang KT, Huang LM. Yedavalli VS, et al. J Virol. 2005 Nov;79(21):13735-46. doi: 10.1128/JVI.79.21.13735-13746.2005. J Virol. 2005. PMID: 16227293 Free PMC article.

• Biochemical analyses of the interactions between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr and p6(Gag).

  Jenkins Y, Pornillos O, Rich RL, Myszka DG, Sundquist WI, Malim MH. Jenkins Y, et al. J Virol. 2001 Nov;75(21):10537-42. doi: 10.1128/JVI.75.21.10537-10542.2001. J Virol. 2001. PMID: 11581428 Free PMC article.

• A conserved dileucine-containing motif in p6(gag) governs the particle association of Vpx and Vpr of simian immunodeficiency viruses SIV(mac) and SIV(agm).

  Accola MA, Bukovsky AA, Jones MS, Göttlinger HG. Accola MA, et al. J Virol. 1999 Dec;73(12):9992-9. doi: 10.1128/JVI.73.12.9992-9999.1999. J Virol. 1999. PMID: 10559313 Free PMC article.

References

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

LinkOut - more resources

• Full Text Sources

  • Atypon
  • Europe PubMed Central
  • PubMed Central

• Other Literature Sources

  • The Lens - Patent Citations Database

• Research Materials

  • NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program