Microbiome of prebiotic-treated mice reveals novel targets involved in host response during obesity
“…These findings provide a proof of concept for the potential of in vivo selection to identify synbiotic combinations that are, in ecological terms, highly synergistic. In addition to enhancing the abundance of strain IVS-1, the synbiotic used here also redressed the high-fatdiet-induced reduction in the level of bifidobacteria detected in rats that is often reported in the literature (41)(42)(43). Therefore, although no metabolic benefits were seen in the rat model used in our study, the synbiotic may be beneficial in other scenarios, as bifidobacteria are considered health-promoting organisms (6,26,(66)(67)(68).…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
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“…These findings provide a proof of concept for the potential of in vivo selection to identify synbiotic combinations that are, in ecological terms, highly synergistic. In addition to enhancing the abundance of strain IVS-1, the synbiotic used here also redressed the high-fatdiet-induced reduction in the level of bifidobacteria detected in rats that is often reported in the literature (41)(42)(43). Therefore, although no metabolic benefits were seen in the rat model used in our study, the synbiotic may be beneficial in other scenarios, as bifidobacteria are considered health-promoting organisms (6,26,(66)(67)(68).…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
“…2A). Decreases in numbers of bifidobacteria are often observed during high-fat-diet feeding (41)(42)(43). To determine if our synbiotic strategy could redress this decrease, we employed a rat model of highfat-diet-induced NAFLD where rats develop steatosis (fatty liver) but do not show an increase in body weight, develop liver inflammation, or progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (28).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
“…Studies in mice have shown that oligofructose (a fruc tan) reduced diet induced obesity, diabetes, hepatic steato sis and inflammation by mechanisms linked with changes in specific gut microorganisms and meta genomics functions of bacteria 72 . A study in rats suggested that oligo fructose consumption might normalize the metabolomic signature of insulin resistance in obese rats and reduce obesity in offspring 73 .…”
Section: Prebiotic Utilization and Host Healthmentioning
“…For instance, a 5 d animal-based-diet significantly altered the abundance of twenty-two clusters, elevated faecal bile acid concentration, and increased BSH expression (99) . Everard et al (100) describe that high-fat feeding significantly affected twenty genera. This may have been influenced by a decline in the antimicrobial peptide regenerating islet-derived protein three gamma.…”
Section: Dietary Interventionmentioning