The origins of infants’ fairness concerns and links to prosocial behavior

“…Evidence for this fairness norm is abundant. Strangers routinely split resources equitably in the absence of social sanctions (Fehr & Fischbacher, 2003;Roth, Prasnikar, Okuno-Fujiwara, & Zamir, 1991;Zelmer, 2003), notions of fairness are universally appealed to across cultures (Henrich et al, 2005(Henrich et al, , 2010, human infants are sensitive to (and expect) the equitable distribution of resources (Sommerville & Enright, 2018), and even nonhuman animals (e.g., primates, dogs, and birds) are attentive to unequal outcomes between members of their own species (Brosnan & de Waal, 2014).…”