Slovakia People 2024, CIA World Factbook
Population
5,425,319 (2023 est.)
Nationality
noun: Slovak(s)
adjective: Slovak
Ethnic groups
Slovak 83.8%, Hungarian 7.8%, Romani 1.2%, other 1.8% (includes Czech, Ruthenian, Ukrainian, Russian, German, Polish), unspecified 5.4% (2021 est.)
note: data represent population by nationality; Romani populations are usually underestimated in official statistics and may represent 7–11% of Slovakia's population
Languages
Slovak (official) 81.8%, Hungarian 8.5%, Roma 1.8%, other 2.2%, unspecified 5.7% (2021 est.)
major-language sample(s):
Svetova Kniha Faktov, nenahraditelny zdroj zakladnej informacie. (Slovak)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Slovakian audio sample:
Religions
Roman Catholic 55.8%, Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession 5.3%, Greek Catholic 4%, Reformed Christian 1.6%, other 3%, none 23.8%, unspecified 6.5% (2021 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years: 14.87% (male 415,224/female 391,397)
15-64 years: 66.49% (male 1,811,919/female 1,795,499)
65 years and over: 18.64% (2023 est.) (male 404,979/female 606,301)
2023 population pyramid: 
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 49.5
youth dependency ratio: 23.7
elderly dependency ratio: 25.8
potential support ratio: 3.9 (2021 est.)
Median age
total: 42.5 years (2023 est.)
male: 41 years
female: 44.1 years
Population growth rate
-0.13% (2023 est.)
Birth rate
10.3 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
11.5 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Net migration rate
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country; slightly larger concentration in the west in proximity to the Czech border
Urbanization
urban population: 54% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 0.17% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas - population
441,000 BRATISLAVA (capital) (2023)
Sex ratio
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female
total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2023 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth
27.2 years (2020 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
5 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)
Infant mortality rate
total: 5.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est.)
male: 5.9 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.7 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 76.6 years (2023 est.)
male: 73.1 years
female: 80.4 years
Total fertility rate
1.6 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
0.77 (2023 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate
N/A
Drinking water source
improved: urban: 100% of population
rural: 100% of population
total: 100% of population
unimproved: urban: 0% of population
rural: 0% of population
total: 0% of population (2020 est.)
Current health expenditure
7.2% of GDP (2020)
Physicians density
3.57 physicians/1,000 population (2019)
Hospital bed density
5.7 beds/1,000 population (2018)
Sanitation facility access
improved: urban: 99.9% of population
rural: 100% of population
total: 100% of population
unimproved: urban: 0.1% of population
rural: 0% of population
total: 0% of population (2020 est.)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
20.5% (2016)
Alcohol consumption per capita
total: 10.3 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
beer: 4.14 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine: 2.01 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits: 4.14 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Tobacco use
total: 31.5% (2020 est.)
male: 37.4% (2020 est.)
female: 25.6% (2020 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
N/A
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
47.9% (2023 est.)
Education expenditures
4.6% of GDP (2020 est.)
Literacy
total population: NA
male: NA
female: NA
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 15 years
male: 14 years
female: 15 years (2020)
NOTE: The information regarding Slovakia on this page is re-published from the 2024 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Slovakia 2024 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Slovakia 2024 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.