THE CUMANS IN PAPHLAGONIA
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Illustrations Maps 3.1 Number of Slavic settlement names per ca. 1000 km2 in central and southern Greece (map created by J. Koder, 2001) 87 3.2 Relation in % of the Slavic and the total of modern settlement names in central and southern Greece (map created by J. Koder, 2001) 88 3.3 Toponyms in Dropulli (map created by J. Koder, 2001) 90 12.1 The Roman-Persian border in Armenia and Northern Mesopotamia, 387 and 591 A.D. (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Roman-Persian_Frontier_ in_Late_Antiquity.svg, author: Cplakidas; Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license) 368 12.2 The itineraries of Artabanes Arsakides and the three brothers Narses, Aratios and Isaak in the military service of Emperor Justinian (and beyond), 530-554 A.D. (map created by J. Preiser-Kapeller, 2018) 369 12.3 Connections between localities through the mobility of individuals documented in the texts of Anania of Širak, 7th cent. A.D. (map created by J. Preiser-Kapeller, 2018) 370 15.1 Places mentioned in the papers of the volume (for the numbers see the list of places displayed on map 15.1.; map: J. Preiser-Kapeller, 2019) 431 15.2 Overview of the cities (circles) and archaeological sites (diamonds) mentioned in the papers of the volume (map: J. Preiser-Kapeller, 2019) 432 15.3 Eastern Europe: cities (circles) and archaeological sites (diamonds) mentioned in the papers of the volume (map: J. Preiser-Kapeller, 2019) 433 15.4 Central Asia and Iran: cities (circles) and archaeological sites (diamonds) mentioned in the papers of the volume (map: J. Preiser-Kapeller, 2019) 434 15.5 East Africa and Arabia: cities (circles) and archaeological sites (diamonds) mentioned in the papers of the volume (map: J. Preiser-Kapeller, 2019) 435 15.6 Western Mediterranean and Western Europe: cities (circles) and archaeological sites (diamonds) mentioned in the papers of the volume (map: J. Preiser-Kapeller, 2019) 436 15.7 Southeastern Europe and Asia Minor: cities (circles) and archaeological sites (diamonds) mentioned in the papers of the volume (map: J. Preiser-Kapeller,
"The Turkic Peoples and Caucasia"
Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies, The WIlson Center, Smithsonian Institution, Special Studies, No. 2. It also appeared in the book "Nationalism and Social Change in Transcaucasia, ed. R.G. Suny (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1985, pp.45-67
A Glance at the History of Armenians in Adıyaman
rmenian existence in Adıyaman is observed to exist since the 4th century. They were called Arevebasht (worshipping the sun) or Arevoti (the son of the sun) as they were fire-worshippers. Arevortis lived in the Adıyaman region (Mateos, 1989: 278). Islamic armies captured this region from 639 onwards. The Arabs considered the region as a part of small Armenia (El-Belazuri, 1955: 197-248-251-282-283; Ağırakça, 1996: 95-96; Bulduk, 2004: 13). The Armenian population in the region increased when Armenians who were suppressed in Byzantine due to denominational differences migrated to the region in 713. Along with this, some problems started to emerge. Religious and political conflicts are the main ones among these. As a result of the decline of Byzantine after the defeat of Malazgirt, eastern Anatolian lands where Armenians resided came under Turkish rule. Armenians who remained without self-defence in Adıyaman formed groups in cities like Adıyaman and Marash and founded princedoms. The most important among these is the princedom founded by Philaretos who spent his childhood in Adıyaman. Philaretos tried to follow balanced politics to be able to protect his lands stuck between the Seljuks and Byzantine. Social and political relations through marriages started to develop between Armenians in Adıyaman, Samsat and Besni and Europeans in Crusader Earldom established in Urfa as a result of the Crusades. Later on the wish of the Urfa Earldom to expand in the region had been against Armenians. They had engaged in assassinations to decrease the political power of Armenian leaders in the region. The fact that the wife of Keysun judge Kogh Vasil founded an army of riders and pawns to be able to be protected from the Crusaders and Franks gives an idea about the extensions of the pressure and attacks by the Earldom of Urfa. However, the Seljuk and Artuqid invasions brought about intimacy between Armenians and Crusaders. When the threat of Turks decreased, the fight between the parties started again and Crusaders in the Urfa region captured Armenian lands in the Adıyaman, Besni, Samsat, and Keysun regions (Demirkent, 1990: 160). The relations between Armenians and Crusaders were determined by Turks for a long time. The close co-operation between Armenians and Crusaders lasted until Nureddin Zengi captured Urfa. Adıyaman Armenians came under the rule of Artuqid Timutash in exchange for his help to Zengi. After this date, Adıyaman and thus Armenians came under the rule of the Artuqids and then the Seljuks starting from the beginning of 13th century onwards. During the ascension of Kilicarslan II to the throne, though Besni Armenians wanted to get rid of Seljuk rule by co-operating with Stefan, one of the leaders of Cilicia Armenians, they were not able to achieve this. Nevertheless, Kilicarslan II did not suppress Armenians. After the Seljuks, the Cilicia Armenians and the Memluks fought for the rule of Adıyaman-Besni region and the region changed hands between the two parties (Ersan, 1995: 201). When it came to 19th century, most of the Armenians in Adıyaman lived in the Old Palace Neighbourhood and the feet of the castle. They made their living generally through shop keeping and trading. They also held some offices such as Police Commissary and Assembly membership. They were occupied with agriculture and husbandry in the villages.
Ця публікація постала як результат міжнародної наукової конференції «Схід та Україна», яка відбулась 17-18 жовтня 2022 р. на історико-філософському факультеті Національного педагогічного університету ім. М. П. Драгоманова. Матеріали конференції містять дослідження українськими, грузинськими, європейськими та тюркськими вченими історії Сходу. Для науковців, викладачів, аспірантів та студентів. УДК 91 (2): 90 (9) С 39 ©Я. В. Пилипчук, 2022 ©Автори статей 2022 ЗМІСТ Передмова Asadov Farda. Debating the authots purpose and position in the evidence of "The Tale of Bygone years" about the Khazars 6 Zhumabayeva Aygerim, Baydarov Erkin, Amirbekova Sagynysh. Linguistic and Cultural Aspect of Tengrianism in the Ancient Turkic Manuscript «Yryk Bitig» 13 Chorotegin (Tchoroev) Tynchtykbek Ancient Ethnic History of the Kyrgyz According to Professor Yu Taishan 20 Gościwit Malinowski. Kleopatra VII Filopator i Mitrydates VI Eupator-starożytni poligloci. 34 Miškinienė Galina. Features of the translation, when the original text is preserved in the manuscript: on the example of the legend "Mi'raj" from the kitab of Ivan Lutskevich Özlem Oktay Çerezci Jale. Shamanizm traces of Khazar period art Sophoulis Panos. Cumans, Tatars and Anatolian Turks in the Palaiologan civil wars 54 Амірова Нігора. Роль фактора спостерігача у моделюванні ситуації спостереження у турецькій мовній картині світу 66 Атигаєв Нурлан. Правова система Улусу Джучі та Казахського ханства: деякі зауваження щодо проблеми спадкоємності 70 Бондар Сергій. Феномен грузинсько православ'я: доктрина, витоки та особливості релігійної традиції 75 Гулієва Айгюн. Діяльність О.Багрія у розвитку азербайджанського фольклору 80 Cəfərova Reyhan, Əkbərov Rahib. Azərbaycan respublikasında konstitusionalizmin mədəni-tarixi xüsusiyyətləri Джуманиязова Феруза. Беруний "Ҳиндистон" асарида нега эфталийларни тилга олмаган? 90 Добролюбський Андрій. Загадковий «…Kaczakeyow Mayak Karawull…» Жолоб Михайло Ярослав Дашкевич (1926-2010 рр.): сходознавчі аспекти інтелектуальної біографії 101 Зелінський Андрій. Вбивство Рафіка аль-Харірі: замовники та причини 102 Gafgazli Guler. Ibn Taghriberdi and his work "An-nujum az-zahira fi muluk Misr wa al-Qahira" Karatayev Olzhobay. Merkezı Asya'nın Kutsal Bölgesi Ötüken 113 Karimova Natalya, Tulibayev Tinur. Chinese Primary Sources of the 18 th century on the Historical Geography of the Border Territories of China and Central Asia Kərimova Rəxşəndə. Azərbaycan əlyzmalarında Qarabağ Izması Кузембаєв Нуркен, Тусупов Аайбек. Абжан Куришжанов як куманолог Литвинов Герман. Ільхан і Скаларій-карлуки з Едеси? Malikov Rauf. Struggle between Rome and Parthia for Atropatene and Albania Маммадова Айгюн. Факти грошового обігу VI-Х ст.: монети Чернігова та Азербайджану 157 Маммадова Бадирджахан. Знахідки періоду бронзи та раннього заліза, знайдені в басейні Ейричай Азербайджану Мачай Олена. Відображення монгольської доби у міфології племен Північного Кавказу Папава Василь. Міжнародні санкції та регіональна політика Ірана 171 Пилипчук Ярослав. Горський інтегрізм: національне будівництво на Північному Кавказі 172 Рахно Костянтин. Острів Перун у легендах Нижньої Наддніпрянщини 195 Rəhnulla Sevinç. Erməni-müsəlman davasının sülh yolu ile həll olunmasına çalısan seyxulislam 204 Rəhnulla Yeganə. "Əhvalati-Qarabağ" əsərində Şuşanın təsviri: Tarixi və mədəniyyəti 208 Саакашвілі Наталя. Анексія Російською імперією Абхазького князівства 213 Сулава Ніно. Колхідська бронзова культура-трохи про історію створення деяких "археологічних культур" Кавказу Тулібаєва Жулдиз, Тулібаєв Тимур. Му'ін ад-Дін Натанзі та його твір «Мунтахаб ал-таваріх-і Му'іні» Ужкенов Єрнар , Шотанова Галія. Проблеми генези золотоординських міст на території Західного Казахстану (на прикладі функціонування золотоординського городища Актобе) * I would like to thank Konstantin Golev, Delyan Rusev and Dimitri Korobeinikov for their valuable comments and suggestions.