THEORIES OF INDIANIZATION Exemplified by Selected Case Studies from Indonesia (Insular Southeast Asia)

'INDIANIZATION' OF INDONESIA IN AN HISTORICAL SKECTCH

Abstrak Artikel ini memberi penilaian tentang sejarah Indianisasi di kepulauan Indonesia dalam sejarah yang jauh. Ilustrasi dalam artikel ini adalah sekitar bagaimana proses pengaruh India tumbuh dan berkembang, baik di kalangan istana maupun masyarakat. Setelah pembahasannya, penulis memproyeksikan tentang betapa alamiah proses ini terjadi. Dengan merefleksikan masa lalu, penulis yakin bahwa pluralitas agama dan budaya di Indonesia adalah semacam takdir yang harus dihadapi dengan damai demi menjaga keharmonian kehidupan sosial bangsa ini. Abstract This article gives some remarks on the history of Indianization in Indonesian archipelago in a remote history. The illustration includes how this process of Indian influences grew and developed, both in the palaces and the societies. Given this remark the writer comes to the projection on how natural this process was. By reflecting the past the writer is sure that the plurality of religions and cultures in Indonesia is a kind of destiny to be faced peacefully in order to keep the harmony in the nation's social life.

Hindu Culture in Indonesia

Bharatiyas inhabited the land of Bharat, the followers of Vedic culture, also called Sanatana Dharma. Sanatana Dharma is the eternal and unchanging teachings for a righteous way of living prescribed in Vedas and Vedangas. The term Hinduism was adapted later to the followers of the great traditions of Sanatana Dharma. The religious, philosophical, social, cultural, and literary history of ancient India and the approach to acquiring an evolved way of life had attracted many East Asian countries to adopt the practices of Hinduism. The influence of Hinduism and Buddhism spread to Indonesia without encountering any war or religious conversions. It is interesting to know how India's religious, spiritual, social, and cultural aspects played a significant role in shaping the history of Indonesia for over ten centuries. This article explores how the Indic traditions were followed by one of the Southeast Asian countries, Indonesia, between the 4th to 10th centuries CE.

Htein Win -The Indianization of Southeast Asia: Cultural, Religious, and Political Influences

Geopolitics, 2024

The Indianization of Southeast Asia refers to the profound cultural, religious, and political influences that Indian civilization exerted on the region from the early centuries of the Common Era until the 13th century. This process, characterized by indirect influence through trade, migration, and diplomacy rather than conquest, shaped various aspects of Southeast Asian societies. This paper explores the economic foundations of Indianization, including maritime trade routes and the role of merchant communities, before delving into the rich cultural influences that manifested in language, art, architecture, and social practices. Additionally, the spread of Hinduism and Buddhism is examined, highlighting syncretism and local adaptations that emerged from the blending of Indian and indigenous spiritual traditions. Political influences, including concepts of kingship, legal systems, and the formation of Indianized kingdoms, are also analyzed. Case studies of notable Indianized kingdoms such as Funan, the Khmer Empire, and Srivijaya provide concrete examples of Indianization's impact. The paper concludes with reflections on the decline of Indian influence in the region and the enduring legacy that continues to shape modern Southeast Asia, along with suggestions for future research directions in understanding the complexities of cultural exchange.

'Indianization ' of Indonesia in an Historical Sketch

2016

This Article gives some remarks on the history of Indianization in Indonesian archipelago in me remote history. The illustration includes bow this process of Indian influences grew and developed, both in the palaces and the societies. Given this remark the writer comes to the projection on how natural this process was. By reflecting the past the writer is sure that the plurality of religions and cultures in Indonesia is a kind of destiny to be faced peacefully in order to keep the harmony in the nation's social life. this article argues that, (1) In the process of Indianization, mostly there was pacific penetration like through cultural means and inter-marriage; (2) in the process of Indianization, mostly there was pacific penetration like through cultural means and inter-marriage.

Indianization' of Indonesia in an Historical Sketch

International Journal of Nusantara Islam, 2014

This Article gives some remarks on the history of Indianization in Indonesian archipelago in me remote history. The illustration includes bow this process of Indian influences grew and developed, both in the palaces and the societies. Given this remark the writer comes to the projection on how natural this process was. By reflecting the past the writer is sure that the plurality of religions and cultures in Indonesia is a kind of destiny to be faced peacefully in order to keep the harmony in the nation's social life.

Indonesia, modernity and some problems of religious adaptation

Wacana, 2015

Her major research interests are concerned history of religions (world religions, myth, ritual and symbol, history and methods of the discipline); religions of India, mysticism and religious experience, cultural history of South Asia, psychology of religion. Her important publications are "Agama Hindu Dharma as a new religious movement: Hinduism recreated in the Image of Islam" (Nova Religio, 2010, 14(1): 93-111) and Making virtuous daughters and wives; An introduction to the Brata rituals of Bengal

Bill's Encyclopedia of the Religions of the Indigenous Peoples of South Asia: General Introduction

General Intoduction to Brill's Encyclopedia of the Religions of the Indigenous Peoples of South Asias e , 2021

In this intriduction I present an overall picture of the situation of the indigenous peoples of South Asia paying heed to the important regional variations in religions, cultures and the politics of indigeneity. Special attention is paid to the formation of indigenous consciousness and its reations to the dominant. Religion often serves to regenerate resistnce to assimilation and exploitation.

Indian Influences on Balinese Culture : The Role of Hinduism and Buddhism in Present Day Bali

International Research Journal of Management, IT & Social Sciences

Indian culture has dominantly influenced the Indonesian people, particularly in the western part of the archipelago. This, which started centuries ago, can still be seen in the peoples’ daily lives in social, cultural, economic and political matters. Both the Hindu and Buddhist lessons have been practiced in Bali, although it is argued that the Buddhist lessons had been developed earlier than the Hindu ones. These developments have strongly characterized Balinese daily life, so, it is very important to understand how the people anticipate and solve some crucial issues regarding the processes of modernization and globalization. There are some important questions that need to be addressed on the Indian influences in strengthening the Balinese culture from the earlier periods until the modern and even postmodern times. In this case, the specific questions are: Firstly, how did the Balinese accept these two lessons in their daily lives in the context of Balinization processes? Secondly,...

Indianisation or Localisation: Indian Influences in Southeast Asia

This paper will discuss the process of Indianisation in Southeast Asia, by looking into the unique variations of its process in the region and exploring some Indianised elements. This paper will also attempt to understand the terms, Indianisation and localisation, and determine which concept best describes this remarkable phenomenon.