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TGR5 signalling inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by in vitro differentiated inflammatory and intestinal macrophages in Crohn's disease
Bile acids (BAs) play important roles not only in lipid metabolism, but also in signal transduction. TGR5, a transmembrane receptor of BAs, is an immunomodulative factor, but its detailed mechanism remains unclear. Here, we aimed to delineate how ...
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김광현 (조선) - 위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전
김광현金光炫 이름 별호 자 회여(晦汝), 호 수북(水北) 신상정보 출생일 1584년 사망일 1647년 국적 조선 경력 부제학청주목사 직업 문신, 서예가 본관 안동 김광현(金光炫, 1584년 ~ 1647년)은 조선 중기의 문신이자 서예가로 자는 회여(晦汝), 호는 수북(水北), 본관은 본관은 안동(安東). 우의정...
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Bile-Induced DNA Damage in Salmonella enterica
In the absence of DNA adenine methylase, growth of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is inhibited by bile. Mutations in any of the mutH, mutL, and mutS genes suppress bile sensitivity in a Dam− background, indicating that an active MutHLS ...
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Modèle:Palette ParisTech — Wikipédia
Une page de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. v · mÉcoles membres de ParisTech Actuels Université Paris-Saclay AgroParisTech Institut d'optique Graduate School Université PSL Chimie ParisTech -...
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Impact of the Programa Mais médicos (more doctors Programme) on primary care doctor supply and amenable mortality: quasi-experimental study of 5565 Brazilian municipalities - BMC Health Services Research
Background Investing in human resources for health (HRH) is vital for achieving universal health care and the Sustainable Development Goals. The Programa Mais Médicos (PMM) (More Doctors Programme) provided 17,000 doctors, predominantly from Cuba, to work in Brazilian primary care. This study assesses whether PMM doctor allocation to municipalities was consistent with programme criteria and associated impacts on amenable mortality. Methods Difference-in-differences regression analysis, exploiting variation in PMM introduction across 5565 municipalities over the period 2008–2017, was employed to examine programme impacts on doctor density and mortality amenable to healthcare. Heterogeneity in effects was explored with respect to doctor allocation criteria and municipal doctor density prior to PMM introduction. Results After starting in 2013, PMM was associated with an increase in PMM-contracted primary care doctors of 15.1 per 100,000 population. However, largescale substitution of existing primary care doctors resulting in a net increase of only 5.7 per 100,000. Increases in both PMM and total primary care doctors were lower in priority municipalities due to lower allocation of PMM doctors and greater substitution effects. The PMM led to amenable mortality reductions of − 1.06 per 100,000 (95%CI: − 1.78 to − 0.34) annually – with greater benefits in municipalities prioritised for doctor allocation and where doctor density was low before programme implementation. Conclusions PMM potential health benefits were undermined due to widespread allocation of doctors to non-priority areas and local substitution effects. Policies seeking to strengthen HRH should develop and implement needs-based criteria for resource allocation.