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Darius III Codomannus - Livius

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Darius III Codomannus: last Achaemenid king of the Persian Empire, ruled from 336 to 330.

Relatives:

Real name: Artašata
As satrap of Armenia, Artašata fights against the Cadusians; he receives the surname Codomannus, which may mean "war-minded"
338, between 26 August and 25 September: death of Artaxerxes III Ochus (natural causes Diodorus' story about poisoning is contradicted by BM 71537)
Accession of Artaxerxes IV Arses
Egypt and Babylonia revolt (although the evidence for the insurrection of Nidin-Bêl is meager)
Macedonia's king Philip II prepares an attack on Anatolia.
The cuneiform text known as the Dynastic Prophecy proves that Artašata marches on Persepolis as a rebel and seized the throne
336, Summer: Artaxerxes IV is killed by his courtier Bagoas (text); Artašata becomes king under the name of Darius III Codomannus.
336, October: murder of Philip of Macedonia (text); accession of Alexander the Great
335, Operations against Babylonia and Egypt
334, May: Alexander lands in Asia
334, early June: Persian troops defeated in the Battle of the Granicus (text)
333, July: Darius in Babylon
333, November: Battle of Issus (text)
333, December: Darius opens negotiations (text)
332: Darius builds a new army
331, 1 October: battle of Gaugamela
331/330: Darius in Ecbatana
330, June: Darius leaves Ecbatana
330, July: death of Darius III at Choara; Bessus king (text)

Succeeded by: Bessus and Alexander the Great