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Thermal and oxidative stability of the Ocimum basilicum L. essential oil/β-cyclodextrin supramolecular system - PubMed

  • ️Wed Jan 01 2014

Thermal and oxidative stability of the Ocimum basilicum L. essential oil/β-cyclodextrin supramolecular system

Daniel I Hădărugă et al. Beilstein J Org Chem. 2014.

Abstract

Ocimum basilicum L. essential oil and its β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) complex have been investigated with respect to their stability against the degradative action of air/oxygen and temperature. This supramolecular system was obtained by a crystallization method in order to achieve the equilibrium of complexed-uncomplexed volatile compounds in an ethanol/water solution at 50 °C. Both the raw essential oil and its β-CD complex have been subjected to thermal and oxidative degradation conditions in order to evaluate the protective capacity of β-CD. The relative concentration of the O. basilicum L. essential oil compounds, as determined by GC-MS, varies accordingly with their sensitivity to the thermal and/or oxidative degradation conditions imposed. Furthermore, the relative concentration of the volatile O. basilicum L. compounds found in the β-CD complex is quite different in comparison with the raw material. An increase of the relative concentration of linalool oxide from 0.3% to 1.1%, in addition to many sesquiterpene oxides, has been observed. β-CD complexation of the O. basilicum essential oil modifies the relative concentration of the encapsulated volatile compounds. Thus, linalool was better encapsulated in β-CD, while methylchavicol (estragole) was encapsulated in β-CD at a concentration close to that of the raw essential oil. Higher relative concentrations from the degradation of the oxygenated compounds such as linalool oxide and aromadendren oxide were determined in the raw O. basilicum L. essential oil in comparison with the corresponding β-CD complex. For the first time, the protective capability of natural β-CD for labile basil essential oil compounds has been demonstrated.

Keywords: GC–MS analysis; Ocimum basilicum L. essential oil; basil; nanoencapsulation; thermal and oxidative stability; β-cyclodextrin.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1

The main compounds identified in raw O. basilicum L. essential oils (a) and the degradation reactions for some labile compounds (b). The number given for each compound can correspondingly be found in Table 1. The compound class is indicated in parenthesis (M – acyclic monoterpenes, OM – oxygenated acyclic monoterpenes, OM1/2 – oxygenated mono/bicyclic monoterpenes, P – phenolic derivatives, S1/2/3 – mono/bi/tricyclic sesquiterpenes, OS2/3 – oxygenated bi/tricyclic sesquiterpenes).

Figure 2
Figure 2

The score plot from the PCA analysis of the O. basilicum L. essential oil compounds nanoencapsulation in β-CD (classification as acyclic or cyclic (numbered) mono- and sesquiterpenoid hydrocarbons (M and S), or the corresponding oxygenated terpenes (OM and OS); the encapsulation efficiency and hydrophobicity were the PCA variables).

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