Ontogeny of mirror behavior in two species of great apes - PubMed
Ontogeny of mirror behavior in two species of great apes
S Robert. Am J Primatol. 1986.
Abstract
Mirror image reactions of two infant apes, a female chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) and a male orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus), born at the Zoo de Vincennes and the Jardin des Plantes of Paris, France, respectively, were studied and compared with those of children. Self-recognition was also tested following 46.5 hours of mirror exposure by application of red marks on parts of the body invisible to the animal without the aid of the mirror. Results indicated that the behavior of the two young apes followed a developmental trend similar to that of human babies. At the end of the study, the female chimpanzee (11 months of age) expressed social behavior, searched for the image behind the mirror, and showed interest in imaged movement. The orangutan (2 years and 5 months old) had begun to test movement synchronism and to display self-directed behaviors. The tests of self-recognition yielded negative results in both animals.
Keywords: Pan troglodytes; Pongo pygmaeus; chimpanzee; great ape; infant development; mark test; mirror; orangutan; self‐recognition.
Copyright © 1986 Wiley‐Liss, Inc., A Wiley Company.
Similar articles
-
Bjorklund DF, Bering JM, Ragan P. Bjorklund DF, et al. Dev Psychobiol. 2000 Dec;37(4):229-37. doi: 10.1002/1098-2302(2000)37:4<229::aid-dev3>3.0.co;2-k. Dev Psychobiol. 2000. PMID: 11084604
-
Zeininger A, Richmond BG, Hartman G. Zeininger A, et al. J Hum Evol. 2011 Jun;60(6):703-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.01.002. Epub 2011 Feb 12. J Hum Evol. 2011. PMID: 21316735
-
Mahovetz LM, Young LJ, Hopkins WD. Mahovetz LM, et al. Genes Brain Behav. 2016 Jun;15(5):445-52. doi: 10.1111/gbb.12291. Epub 2016 May 4. Genes Brain Behav. 2016. PMID: 27058969
-
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE RELATING TO CAPTIVE GREAT APE MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY.
Strong VJ, Grindlay D, Redrobe S, Cobb M, White K. Strong VJ, et al. J Zoo Wildl Med. 2016 Sep;47(3):697-710. doi: 10.1638/2015-0240.1. J Zoo Wildl Med. 2016. PMID: 27691977 Review.
-
Comparative Pathology of Aging Great Apes: Bonobos, Chimpanzees, Gorillas, and Orangutans.
Lowenstine LJ, McManamon R, Terio KA. Lowenstine LJ, et al. Vet Pathol. 2016 Mar;53(2):250-76. doi: 10.1177/0300985815612154. Epub 2015 Dec 31. Vet Pathol. 2016. PMID: 26721908 Review.
Cited by
-
Sociality and self-awareness in animals.
Lei Y. Lei Y. Front Psychol. 2023 Jan 9;13:1065638. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1065638. eCollection 2022. Front Psychol. 2023. PMID: 36710826 Free PMC article.
References
-
- Amsterdam, B. Mirror self‐image reactions before age two. Developmental Psychobiology 5: 297–305, 1972.
-
- Bertenthal, B. I.; Fischer, K. W. Development of self‐recognition in the infant. Developmental Psychology 14: 44–50, 1978.
-
- Boulanger‐Balleyguier, G. Les étapes de la reconnaissance de soi devant le miroir. Enfance 1: 91–116, 1967.
-
- Dickie, J. R.; Strader, W. H. Development of mirror image responses in infancy. Journal of Psychology 88: 333–337, 1974.
-
- Gallup, G. G. Chimpanzees: Self‐recognition. Science 167: 86–87, 1970.
LinkOut - more resources
Research Materials
Miscellaneous