Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Academy of Sciences
PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATION
Founded 1724 as St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Became USSR Academy of Sciences in 1925, re-named Russian Academy of Sciences in 1991, after the collapse of the USSR.
Founding Date:
1724
| Name | Occupation | Birth | Death | Known for |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alexei A. Abrikosov | Physicist | 25-Jun-1928 | Particle physicist, explored superconductivity | |
| Zhores I. Alferov | Scientist | 15-Mar-1930 | Developed solar cells for the Sputnik program | |
| Hannes Alfvén | Physicist | 30-May-1908 | 2-Apr-1995 | Renegade Swedish astrophysicist |
| Francis W. Aston | Chemist | 1-Sep-1877 | 20-Nov-1945 | Invented the mass spectograph |
| Sergei Averintsev | Author | 10-Dec-1937 | 21-Feb-2004 | Myth of the Peoples of the World |
| Nikolay G. Basov | Physicist | 14-Dec-1922 | 1-Jul-2001 | Invention of the maser and laser |
| Boris Berezovsky | Business | 23-Jan-1946 | 23-Mar-2013 | Russian oligarch, Putin critic |
| Paul Berg | Chemist | 30-Jun-1926 | Pioneer in recombinant DNA | |
| Sune K. Bergström | Scientist | 10-Jan-1916 | 15-Aug-2004 | Prostaglandins |
| Max Born | Physicist | 11-Dec-1882 | 5-Jan-1970 | Pioneer of quantum mechanics |
| Walter Bradford Cannon | Scientist | 19-Oct-1871 | 1-Oct-1945 | Fight or flight response |
| Pavel A. Cherenkov | Physicist | 15-Jul-1904 | 6-Jan-1990 | Cherenkov radiation |
| Claude Cohen-Tannoudji | Physicist | 1-Apr-1933 | Trapped atoms with laser light | |
| Paul J. Crutzen | Physicist | 3-Dec-1933 | Ozone depletion | |
| Peter Debye | Physicist | 24-Mar-1884 | 2-Nov-1966 | Studied molecular structure, dipoles |
| Paul Dirac | Physicist | 8-Aug-1902 | 20-Oct-1984 | The Principles of Quantum Mechanics |
| Richard R. Ernst | Chemist | 14-Aug-1933 | NMR spectroscopy | |
| Leo Esaki | Physicist | 12-Mar-1925 | Electron tunneling | |
| Hans von Euler-Chelpin | Chemist | 15-Feb-1873 | 7-Nov-1964 | Enzymes of sugar fermentation |
| Ilya M. Frank | Physicist | 23-Oct-1908 | 22-Jun-1990 | Cherenkov radiation |
| Andre Geim | Physicist | Oct-1958 | Super-thin carbon physics | |
| Israel Gelfand | Mathematician | 2-Sep-1913 | 5-Oct-2009 | Banach algebras, Lie groups |
| Murray Gell-Mann | Physicist | 15-Sep-1929 | Quarks and strangeness | |
| Vitaly L. Ginzburg | Physicist | 4-Oct-1916 | 8-Nov-2009 | Type-II superconductors |
| Sheldon Glashow | Physicist | 5-Dec-1932 | Electroweak Theory | |
| Charles Édouard Guillaume | Physicist | 15-Feb-1861 | 13-Jun-1938 | Invented alloys Invar and Elinvar |
| Jacques-Salomon Hadamard | Mathematician | 8-Dec-1865 | 17-Oct-1963 | Prime number theorem |
| Alan J. Heeger | Physicist | 22-Jan-1936 | Metallic polymers | |
| Gustav Hertz | Physicist | 22-Jul-1887 | 30-Oct-1975 | Franck-Hertz experiment |
| George W. Hill | Astronomer | 3-Mar-1838 | 16-Apr-1914 | A New Theorie of Jupiter and Saturn |
| Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin | Chemist | 12-May-1910 | 29-Jul-1994 | Determined structure of Vitamin B12 |
| Jules A. Hoffmann | Biologist | 2-Aug-1941 | Innate immunity | |
| Roald Hoffmann | Chemist | 18-Jul-1937 | Woodward-Hoffmann reaction | |
| Nick Holonyak | Physicist | 3-Nov-1928 | Light-emitting diodes | |
| Leonid Vitalyevich Kantorovich | Mathematician | 19-Jan-1912 | 7-Apr-1986 | Linear programming |
| Pyotr Kapitsa | Physicist | 8-Jul-1894 | 8-Apr-1984 | Discovered superfluidity |
| Donald E. Knuth | Computer Programmer | 10-Jan-1938 | The Art of Computer Programming | |
| Lev Landau | Physicist | 22-Jan-1908 | 1-Apr-1968 | Superfluidity of helium |
| Max von Laue | Physicist | 9-Oct-1879 | 23-Apr-1960 | X-ray crystallography |
| Alexander Lebedev | Business | 16-Dec-1959 | Russian oligarch, ex-KGB | |
| David M. Lee | Physicist | 20-Jan-1931 | Superfluidity of helium-3 | |
| Anthony J. Leggett | Physicist | 26-Mar-1938 | Particle physicist, explored superfluidity | |
| Jean-Marie Lehn | Chemist | 30-Sep-1939 | Synthesis of molecules | |
| Lynn Margulis | Biologist | 5-Mar-1935 | 22-Nov-2011 | Origin of eukaryotic organelles |
| Dale Mortensen | Economist | 2-Feb-1939 | 9-Jan-2014 | Job creation and destruction |
| Hermann J. Muller | Scientist | 21-Dec-1890 | 5-Apr-1967 | Genetic effects of radiation |
| Giulio Natta | Chemist | 26-Feb-1903 | 2-May-1979 | Ziegler-Natta catalysts for polymerization |
| Louis Néel | Physicist | 22-Nov-1904 | 17-Nov-2000 | Magnetic properties of solids |
| Wilhelm Ostwald | Chemist | 2-Sep-1853 | 4-Apr-1932 | Ostwald's Law of Dilution and Conductivity |
| Linus Pauling | Chemist | 28-Feb-1901 | 19-Aug-1994 | Scientist and peacenik |
| John C. Polanyi | Chemist | 23-Jan-1929 | Infrared chemiluminescence | |
| Cecil Powell | Physicist | 5-Dec-1903 | 9-Aug-1969 | Discovered the pi-meson |
| Vladimir Prelog | Chemist | 23-Jul-1906 | 7-Jan-1998 | Stereochemistry of enzyme-catalysts |
| Ilya Prigogine | Chemist | 25-Jan-1917 | 28-May-2003 | Theory of dissipative structures |
| Yevgeny Primakov | Head of State | 29-Oct-1929 | 26-Jun-2015 | Prime Minister of Russia, 1998-99 |
| Aleksandr M. Prokhorov | Physicist | 11-Jul-1916 | 8-Jan-2002 | Invention of the maser and laser |
| C. N. R. Rao | Chemist | 30-Jun-1934 | Chemistry of superconductivity | |
| Frederick Reines | Physicist | 16-Mar-1918 | 26-Aug-1998 | Co-Discover of the neutrino |
| Carlo Rubbia | Physicist | 31-Mar-1934 | Co-Discovered W and Z particles | |
| Martin Ryle | Astronomer | 27-Sep-1918 | 14-Oct-1984 | Radio astronomer |
| Andrei Sakharov | Physicist | 21-May-1921 | 14-Dec-1989 | Developed the Soviet hydrogen bomb |
| Robert Schrieffer | Physicist | 31-May-1931 | BCS Theory of Superconductivity | |
| Nikolay Semyonov | Chemist | 15-Apr-1896 | 25-Sep-1986 | Combustion, explosions, and chemical kinetics |
| Iosif S. Shklovskii | Astronomer | 1-Jul-1916 | 3-Mar-1985 | Synchrotron radiation of the Crab Nebula |
| Mikhail Sholokhov | Author | 24-May-1905 | 21-Feb-1984 | The Silent Don |
| Frederick Soddy | Chemist | 2-Sep-1877 | 22-Sep-1956 | Isotopes |
| Arnold Sommerfeld | Physicist | 5-Dec-1868 | 26-Apr-1951 | Fine-structure constant |
| Roger W. Sperry | Scientist | 20-Aug-1913 | 17-Apr-1994 | "Split brain" hemispheric neurophysiology |
| Rashid Sunyaev | Astronomer | 1-Mar-1943 | Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect | |
| Igor Y. Tamm | Physicist | 8-Jul-1895 | 12-Apr-1971 | Cherenkov radiation |
| Stephen Timoshenko | Engineer | 23-Dec-1878 | 29-May-1972 | Mechanical engineering professor at Stanford |
| Samuel C. C. Ting | Physicist | 27-Jan-1936 | Co-Discoverer of J/psi meson | |
| Charles H. Townes | Physicist | 28-Jul-1915 | 27-Jan-2015 | Invention of the maser and laser |
| Georgy Voronoy | Mathematician | 28-Apr-1868 | 20-Nov-1908 | Voronoi diagram |
| Ahmed H. Zewail | Chemist | 26-Feb-1946 | Femtochemistry |
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