abstract
ab·stract
(ăb-străkt′, ăb′străkt′)adj.
1. Considered apart from concrete existence: an abstract concept.
2. Not applied or practical; theoretical.
3. Difficult to understand; abstruse: abstract philosophical problems.
4. Denoting something that is immaterial, conceptual, or nonspecific, as an idea or quality: abstract words like truth and justice.
5. Impersonal, as in attitude or views.
6. Having an intellectual and affective artistic content that depends solely on intrinsic form rather than on narrative content or pictorial representation: abstract painting and sculpture.
n. (ăb′străkt′)
1. A statement summarizing the important points of a text.
2. Something abstract.
3. An abstract of title.
tr.v. (ăb-străkt′) ab·stract·ed, ab·stract·ing, ab·stracts
1.
a. To take away; remove: abstract the most important data from a set of records.
b. To remove without permission; steal: a painting that was abstracted from the museum.
2. To consider (an idea, for example) as separate from particular examples or objects: abstract a principle of arrangement from a series of items.
3. (ăb′străkt′) To write a summary of; summarize: abstract a long article in a paragraph.
4. To create artistic abstractions of (something else, such as a concrete object or another style): "The Bauhaus Functionalists were ... busy unornamenting and abstracting modern architecture, painting and design" (John Barth).
in the abstract
In a way that is conceptual or theoretical, as opposed to actual or empirical.
[Middle English, from Latin abstractus, past participle of abstrahere, to draw away : abs-, ab-, away; see ab-1 + trahere, to draw.]
ab·stract′er n.
ab·stract′ly adv.
ab·stract′ness n.
American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
abstract
adj
1. having no reference to material objects or specific examples; not concrete
2. not applied or practical; theoretical
3. hard to understand; recondite; abstruse
4. (Art Terms) denoting art characterized by geometric, formalized, or otherwise nonrepresentational qualities
5. defined in terms of its formal properties: an abstract machine.
6. (Philosophy) philosophy (of an idea) functioning for some empiricists as the meaning of a general term: the word 'man' does not name all men but the abstract idea of manhood.
n
7. a condensed version of a piece of writing, speech, etc; summary
8. an abstract term or idea
9. (Art Terms) an abstract painting, sculpture, etc
10. in the abstract without reference to specific circumstances or practical experience
vb (tr)
11. to think of (a quality or concept) generally without reference to a specific example; regard theoretically
12. to form (a general idea) by abstraction
13. (also intr) to summarize or epitomize
14. to remove or extract
15. euphemistic to steal
[C14: (in the sense: extracted): from Latin abstractus drawn off, removed from (something specific), from abs- ab-1 + trahere to draw]
Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014
ab•stract
(adj. æbˈstrækt, ˈæb strækt; n. ˈæb strækt; v. æbˈstrækt for 11-14, ˈæb strækt for 15 )adj.
1. thought of apart from concrete realities, specific objects, or actual instances: an abstract idea.
2. expressing a quality or characteristic apart from any specific object or instance: an abstract word like justice.
3. theoretical; not applied or practical.
4. difficult to understand; abstruse.
5. emphasizing line, color, and nonrepresentational form: abstract art.
n.6. a summary of a text, technical article, speech, etc.
7. an abstract idea or term.
8. an abstract work of art.
9. something that concentrates in itself the essential qualities of anything more extensive or more general.
v.t.10. to draw or take away; remove.
11. to divert or draw away the attention of.
12. to steal.
13. to consider as a general quality or characteristic apart from specific objects or instances.
14. to make an abstract of; summarize.
Idioms:in the abstract, without reference to a specific object or instance; in theory.
[1400–50; late Middle English: withdrawn from worldly interests < Medieval Latin abstractus, Latin: past participle of abstrahere to drag away, divert = abs- abs- + trahere to draw, pull; compare tract1]
ab•stract′er, n.
ab•stract′ly, adv.
ab•stract′ness, n.
Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.
abstract
Past participle: abstracted
Gerund: abstracting
| Imperative |
|---|
| abstract |
| abstract |
| Present |
|---|
| I abstract |
| you abstract |
| he/she/it abstracts |
| we abstract |
| you abstract |
| they abstract |
| Preterite |
|---|
| I abstracted |
| you abstracted |
| he/she/it abstracted |
| we abstracted |
| you abstracted |
| they abstracted |
| Present Continuous |
|---|
| I am abstracting |
| you are abstracting |
| he/she/it is abstracting |
| we are abstracting |
| you are abstracting |
| they are abstracting |
| Present Perfect |
|---|
| I have abstracted |
| you have abstracted |
| he/she/it has abstracted |
| we have abstracted |
| you have abstracted |
| they have abstracted |
| Past Continuous |
|---|
| I was abstracting |
| you were abstracting |
| he/she/it was abstracting |
| we were abstracting |
| you were abstracting |
| they were abstracting |
| Past Perfect |
|---|
| I had abstracted |
| you had abstracted |
| he/she/it had abstracted |
| we had abstracted |
| you had abstracted |
| they had abstracted |
| Future |
|---|
| I will abstract |
| you will abstract |
| he/she/it will abstract |
| we will abstract |
| you will abstract |
| they will abstract |
| Future Perfect |
|---|
| I will have abstracted |
| you will have abstracted |
| he/she/it will have abstracted |
| we will have abstracted |
| you will have abstracted |
| they will have abstracted |
| Future Continuous |
|---|
| I will be abstracting |
| you will be abstracting |
| he/she/it will be abstracting |
| we will be abstracting |
| you will be abstracting |
| they will be abstracting |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I have been abstracting |
| you have been abstracting |
| he/she/it has been abstracting |
| we have been abstracting |
| you have been abstracting |
| they have been abstracting |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I will have been abstracting |
| you will have been abstracting |
| he/she/it will have been abstracting |
| we will have been abstracting |
| you will have been abstracting |
| they will have been abstracting |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I had been abstracting |
| you had been abstracting |
| he/she/it had been abstracting |
| we had been abstracting |
| you had been abstracting |
| they had been abstracting |
| Conditional |
|---|
| I would abstract |
| you would abstract |
| he/she/it would abstract |
| we would abstract |
| you would abstract |
| they would abstract |
| Past Conditional |
|---|
| I would have abstracted |
| you would have abstracted |
| he/she/it would have abstracted |
| we would have abstracted |
| you would have abstracted |
| they would have abstracted |
Collins English Verb Tables © HarperCollins Publishers 2011
ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend:
| Noun | 1. |  abstract - a concept or idea not associated with any specific instance; "he loved her only in the abstract--not in person"right - an abstract idea of that which is due to a person or governmental body by law or tradition or nature; "they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights"; "Certain rights can never be granted to the government but must be kept in the hands of the people"- Eleanor Roosevelt; "a right is not something that somebody gives you; it is something that nobody can take away" concept, conception, construct - an abstract or general idea inferred or derived from specific instances absolute - something that is conceived or that exists independently and not in relation to other things; something that does not depend on anything else and is beyond human control; something that is not relative; "no mortal being can influence the absolute" teacher - a personified abstraction that teaches; "books were his teachers"; "experience is a demanding teacher" thing - a special abstraction; "a thing of the spirit"; "things of the heart" |
| 2. |  abstract - a sketchy summary of the main points of an argument or theorysummary, sum-up - a brief statement that presents the main points in a concise form; "he gave a summary of the conclusions" brief - a condensed written summary or abstract apercu - a short synopsis epitome - a brief abstract (as of an article or book) | |
| Verb | 1. |  abstract - consider a concept without thinking of a specific example; consider abstractly or theoreticallyconsider, regard, view, reckon, see - deem to be; "She views this quite differently from me"; "I consider her to be shallow"; "I don't see the situation quite as negatively as you do" |
| 2. |  abstract - make off with belongings of others steal - take without the owner's consent; "Someone stole my wallet on the train"; "This author stole entire paragraphs from my dissertation" | |
| 3. | abstract - consider apart from a particular case or instance; "Let's abstract away from this particular example" look at, deal, consider, take - take into consideration for exemplifying purposes; "Take the case of China"; "Consider the following case" | |
| 4. |  abstract - give an abstract (of) | |
| Adj. | 1. |  abstract - existing only in the mind; separated from embodiment; "abstract words like `truth' and `justice'"nonrepresentational - of or relating to a style of art in which objects do not resemble those known in physical nature impalpable, intangible - incapable of being perceived by the senses especially the sense of touch; "the intangible constituent of energy"- James Jeans concrete - capable of being perceived by the senses; not abstract or imaginary; "concrete objects such as trees" |
| 2. |  abstract - not representing or imitating external reality or the objects of nature; "a large abstract painting"nonrepresentational - of or relating to a style of art in which objects do not resemble those known in physical nature | |
| 3. | abstract - dealing with a subject in the abstract without practical purpose or intention; "abstract reasoning"; "abstract science" theoretical - concerned with theories rather than their practical applications; "theoretical physics" |
Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc.
abstract
adjective
1. theoretical, general, complex, academic, intellectual, subtle, profound, philosophical, speculative, unrealistic, conceptual, indefinite, deep, separate, occult, hypothetical, generalized, impractical, arcane, notional, abstruse, recondite, theoretic, conjectural, unpractical, nonconcrete starting with a few abstract principles
theoretical real, material, specific, actual, concrete, definite, factual
noun
1. summary, résumé, outline, extract, essence, summing-up, digest, epitome, rundown, condensation, compendium, synopsis, précis, recapitulation, review, abridgment If you want to submit a paper, you must supply an abstract.
summary expansion, enlargement
verb
Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002
abstract
adjective1. Existing only in concept and not in reality:
2. Concerned primarily with theories rather than practical matters:
A short summary or version prepared by cutting down a larger work:
1. To remove from association with:
2. To give a recapitulation of the salient facts of:
The American Heritage® Roget's Thesaurus. Copyright © 2013, 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
Translations
((فَنْ تَجْرِيدِيتَلْخِيص لِكِتَاب أو مَقَالَةمُجَرَّد مَحْسُوسنَظَرِيّ
abstraktníshrnutísouhrnvýtahvýtažek
abstraktresumeuddrag
abstraktne
abstraktiabstraktioaineellistumaerillinenkäsite
apstrakcijaapstraktansažetak
elvontrezümé
afstrakt, óhlutbundinnóhlutbundinn, óhlutstæîurútdráttur, ágrip
抽象的な
추상적인
abstraktusreziumėsantrauka
abstraktskopsavilkumsrezumējums
abstraktný
abstraktenpovzetek
abstraktknyckanallasnostjäla
ที่เป็นนามธรรม
trừu tượng
abstract
C. [æbˈstrækt] VT
3. (= summarize) [+ book, article] → resumir
Collins Spanish Dictionary - Complete and Unabridged 8th Edition 2005 © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1971, 1988 © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005
abstract
[ˈæbstrækt]
adj
[idea, concept, thinking, reasoning] → abstrait(e)
(ART) [art, painting, sculpture] → abstrait(e)
n
in the abstract → dans l'abstrait
[æbˈstrækt] vt (= extract) → extraire
to abstract sth from sth → extraire qch de qch
Collins English/French Electronic Resource. © HarperCollins Publishers 2005
Collins German Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged 7th Edition 2005. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1980 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2005, 2007
abstract
[adj, n ˈæbstrækt; vb æbˈstrækt]
1. adj → astratto/a
Collins Italian Dictionary 1st Edition © HarperCollins Publishers 1995
abstract
(ˈӕbstrӕkt) adjective1. (of a noun) referring to something which exists as an idea and which is not physically real. Truth, poverty and bravery are abstract nouns.
2. (of painting, sculpture etc) concerned with colour, shape, texture etc rather than showing things as they really appear. an abstract sketch of a vase of flowers.
nouna summary (of a book, article etc).
Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary © 2006-2013 K Dictionaries Ltd.
abstract
→ نَظَرِيّ abstraktní abstrakt abstrakt θεωρητικός abstracto abstrakti abstrait apstraktan astratto 抽象的な 추상적인 abstract abstrakt abstrakcyjny abstracto, abstrato абстрактный abstrakt ที่เป็นนามธรรม soyut trừu tượng 抽象的Multilingual Translator © HarperCollins Publishers 2009
ab·stract
n. extracto, cantidad pequeña; resumen;
v. separar, alejar; extractar; resumir;
a. abstracto-a.
English-Spanish Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012