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Potassium - Wikipedia, ìwé-ìmọ̀ ọ̀fẹ́

  • ️Tue Feb 28 2023

Lát'ọwọ́ Wikipedia, ìwé ìmọ̀ ọ̀fẹ́

Pòtásíọ̀mù, 19K

Potassium pearls (in paraffin oil, ~5 mm each)

Pòtásíọ̀mù
Pípè /pəˈtæsiəm/ ​(pə-TAS-ee-əm)
Ìhànsójúsilvery gray
Ìwúwo átọ̀mù Ar, std(K)39.0983(1)[1]
Pòtásíọ̀mù ní orí tábìlì àyè
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
Na
↑
K
↓
Rb
árgọ̀nù ← pòtásíọ̀mù → calcium
Nọ́mbà átọ̀mù (Z)19
Ẹgbẹ́group 1: H and alkali metals
Àyèàyè 4
Àdìpọ̀Àdìpọ̀-s
Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ́ntì  Alkali metal
Ìtò ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù[Ar] 4s1
Iye ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù lórí ìpele kọ̀ọ̀kan2, 8, 8, 1
Àwọn ohun ìní ara
Ìfarahàn at STPsolid
Ìgbà ìyọ́336.7 K ​(63.5 °C, ​146.3 °F)
Ígbà ìhó1032 K ​(759 °C, ​1398 °F)
Kíki (near r.t.)0.862 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)0.828 g/cm3
Critical point2223 K, 16[2] MPa
Heat of fusion2.33 kJ/mol
Heat of 76.9 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity29.6 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−1, +1 Àdàkọ:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 0.82
energies
Atomic radiusempirical: 227 pm
Covalent radius203±12 pm
Van der Waals radius275 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of pòtásíọ̀mù
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structure ​(bcc)

Body-centered cubic crystal structure for pòtásíọ̀mù

Speed of sound thin rod2000 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion83.3 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity102.5 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity72 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[3]
Young's modulus3.53 GPa
Shear modulus1.3 GPa
Bulk modulus3.1 GPa
Mohs hardness0.4
Brinell hardness0.363 MPa
CAS Number7440-09-7
History
DiscoveryHumphry Davy (1807)
First isolationHumphry Davy (1807)
Main isotopes of pòtásíọ̀mù
Iso­tope Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
39K 93.26% 39K is stable with 20 neutrons
40K 0.012% 1.248(3)×109 y β− 1.311 40Ca
ε 1.505 40Ar
β+ 1.505 40Ar
41K 6.73% 41K is stable with 22 neutrons
Àdàkọ:Category-inline
| references

Pòtásíọ̀mù je elimenti kemika kan to ni ami-idamo K (latinu ede Latini Tuntun fun kalium) ati nomba atomu 19. Potasiomu je metali alkali alawo fadaka-funfun didelowo to undi oksidi kiakia ninu afefe to si yirapo mo omi gigdigidi, eyi unfa igbona jade to sana si haidrojin to unbujade ninu iyirapo na, o si unjo bi awo lilaki.

Nitoripe potasiomu ati sodiomu jora ni isese kemika won, awon iyọ̀ won ko se e ya sira won nibere. O di odun 1702 ko to di pe won fun ra pe opo elimenti wa ninu awon iyo won,[4] eyi je mimufidaju ni odun 1807 nigba ti potasiomu ati sodiomu je yiya sotooto latinu awon iyọ̀ otooto pelu elektrolisisi. Potasiomu inu adaye wa ninu awon iyọ̀ oniioni nikan. Nitori eyi, o wa ninu omi okun (to je 0.04% potasiomu pelu iwuwo[5][6]), o si je apa opo awon alumoni.

  1. ↑ Meija, Juris; Coplen, Tyler B.; Berglund, Michael; Brand, Willi A.; De Bièvre, Paul; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Irrgeher, Johanna et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
  2. ↑ Àdàkọ:RubberBible92nd
  3. ↑ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Àdàkọ:RubberBible86th
  4. ↑ Àṣìṣe ìtọ́kasí: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named 1702Suspect
  5. ↑ Webb, D. A. (April 1939). "The Sodium and Potassium Content of Sea Water". The Journal of Experimental Biology: 183. Archived from the original on 2023-02-28. https://web.archive.org/web/20230228192154/https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article-pdf/16/2/178/2199202/jexbio_16_2_178.pdf. Retrieved 2023-03-02.
  6. ↑ Anthoni, J. (2006). "Detailed composition of seawater at 3.5% salinity". seafriends.org.nz. Retrieved 23 September 2011.
 wò • if. • at. Tábìlì ìdásìkò
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
1 H He
2 Li Be B C N O F Ne
3 Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
5 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
6 Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
7 Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
Mẹ́tàlì álkálì Mẹ́tàlì alkalínì ilẹ̀ Lanthanide Áktínídì Transition metal Post-transition metal Mẹ́tálọ́ìdì Àìjẹ́mẹ́tàlì míràn Halojín Ẹ̀fúùfù abíire Unknown chemical properties

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